城市應急服務氣象數值模擬系統的建立與應用
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中國氣象局新技術推廣項目(CMATG2010M01)、國家自然科學基金(40705039)、公益性行業專項(GYHY200906026、GYHY201106032)、城市氣象科學研究基金(UMRF200901)共同資助


Development and Application of Meteorological Numerical Simulation System for Urban Emergency Service
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    摘要:

    針對城市應急需求,建立了突發公共事件應急氣象數值模擬系統。該系統主要包含兩個模型:①以中尺度數值模式MM5和區域大氣模擬系統RAMS 60為核心的快速污染擴散數值預報模型,該模型具有精細準確、可預測性的優點,應急人員在接到命令后15 min內可完成事發后1 h的氣體擴散應急產品的制作;②以街區模式和高斯模式為核心的快速應急氣象服務軟件,它具有操作簡潔、安裝方便、產品輸出快速直觀的優點,能夠在2~3 min內完成事發地點應急產品制作。通過一年的日常城市應急演習及奧運會、殘奧會的應用證明,該服務系統較好的滿足了應急指揮時效性、服務性的需求,為北京城市應急指揮人員現場處置提供即時科學依據。

    Abstract:

    A meteorological numerical simulation system for urban emergency service is established, according to the needs of urban emergency responses. There are two main models included in the system: Pollution Diffusion Rapid Numerical Prediction Model (PDRNPM), which is mainly based on MM5 and RAMS 6.0, and Rapid Emergency Meteorological Service Software (REMSS), which is based on the urban subdomain model and the Gauss model. PDRNPM is better for its precision and predictability, allowing the emergency staff to predict the gas diffusion situation of one hour later within 15 minutes. REMSS is easy to install, operate and give responses quickly, and can simulate gas diffusion within 2 to 3 minutes once emergency situation is triggered. Applied in the Beijing Olympics Games 2008 and Paralympics Games 2008 and routine emergency exercise of Beijing, it is proved that the system can well meet the demands of emergency command due to its time effectiveness and applicalibility and can provide reliable realtime references for the Beijing Emergency Commode Center.

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房小怡,李磊,郭文利,馬曉光,軒春怡,李書嚴,杜吳鵬.城市應急服務氣象數值模擬系統的建立與應用[J].氣象科技,2011,39(6):673~677

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歷史
  • 收稿日期:2010-09-19
  • 定稿日期:2010-11-12
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  • 在線發布日期: 2011-12-21
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