In order to discus the relationship between the incidence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and meteorological factors in different areas across China, the monthtomonth data of COPD suffers treated in hospital, the data from the logs of the hospitals in the China Monitoring Traditionalmedicaltreatment Hospital System from January 2003 to December 2004 in Shanghai, Beijing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and Nanning, and the correspondingperiod meteorologicaldata are collected and analyzed. The seasonal distribution and regional diversity of the incidence of COPD are presented. Obviously North China has a high incidence rate, and South China has a low incidence. The correlation coefficient between the monthly incidence of COPD and meteorological factors are analyzed. The high incidence of COPD in winter corresponds with low temperature and high pressure, but the incidence in summer is related to the adaptation of local people to hot and humid weather. Relative humidity in summer has good indicative significance to the incidence of COPD.