“中國天然氧吧”氣候生態產品價值分析——以北京懷柔為例
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北京市科技計劃課題(Z191100009119013)資助


Value Analysis of Climate Ecological Products of “China Natural Oxygen Bar”: Taking Huairou, Beijing as an Example
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    摘要:

    目前基于站點的氣候生態資源評估指標還難以反映“中國天然氧吧”局地氣候資源優勢,且對其潛在的生態服務價值考慮較少。本文以北京懷柔區為例,充分利用遙感資料,首次引入城市熱島強度、生態冷源、植被生態質量等遙感評估指標進一步優化和完善“中國天然氧吧”氣候生態資源評估指標體系,并基于生態系統服務理論分別從固碳釋氧、調節氣候、凈化空氣、涵養水源、水土保持等方面構建天然氧吧生態服務價值評估指標體系,進而估算其生態產品服務價值。研究結果顯示;引入的多個遙感評估指標可以精細化評估懷柔氣候生態資源;懷柔具備創建“中國天然氧吧”所需的氣候生態資源優勢:全年氣候舒適期長達 6個月,空氣優良天數占比達81%,夏季具有面積比例高達90%的冷涼氣候資源,植被生態質量優良等級占全區面積的88%。懷柔“中國天然氧吧”生態產品服務價值為143.993億元,占當年全區GDP(Gross Domestic Product)收入的32%,其中森林氣候調節和凈化空氣價值占到所有生態服務價值的87.2%。結果表明,新建立的氣候生態產品評估體系可以更好地評估“中國天然氧吧”氣候生態產品價值。

    Abstract:

    The assessment of climate ecological resources and product value is an important prerequisite for the value realisation of “China Natural Oxygen Bar”, a climate ecological product. However, currently, site-based climate ecological resource assessment indicators still struggle to reflect the refined advantages of local climate resources. In addition, most studies on the climate ecological product value of the “China Natural Oxygen Bar” mainly focus on its climate advantages, with less consideration on its potential ecological service value, and no effective evaluation indices for climate ecological product service value have been established. Therefore, taking Huairou District in Beijing as an example, this article fully utilises remote sensing data and introduces some remote sensing evaluation indicators such as urban heat island intensity, ecological cold source, and vegetation ecological quality for the first time to optimise and improve the climate and ecological resource evaluation index system of “China Natural Oxygen Bar”. Based on the theory of ecosystem services, a natural oxygen bar ecological service value evaluation index system is constructed from the aspects of carbon sequestration and oxygen release, climate regulation, air purification, water source conservation, and soil and water conservation, and the ecological product service value is estimated. The research results show that the introduction of multiple remote sensing evaluation indicators can help more comprehensively and finely evaluate the climate and ecological resources of Huairou; Huairou has the advantages of climate and ecological resources needed to create a “China Natural Oxygen Bar”. The comfortable climate period lasts for 6 months throughout the year, with 81% of days having good air quality. The air is very fresh, with an average negative (oxygen) ion concentration of 2583/cm3 during the comfortable climate period. In summer, it has cool climate resources with an area proportion of up to 90%, and 88% of the region achieves excellent vegetation ecological quality, with forest coverage (77.5%) and vegetation coverage (75.8%) ranking first among 16 districts in Beijing. The net primary productivity (490.2 g/(m2·a)) is 14% higher than the average in Beijing. The established ecological service value evaluation index system can effectively evaluate the ecological service value of natural oxygen bars. The ecological product service value of Huairou’s “China Natural Oxygen Bar” is 14.3987 billion yuan, accounting for 32% of the region’s GDP that year. Among them, the value of forest climate regulation and air purification accounts for 87.2% of all ecological service values. Compared to the average of Beijing, it has significant regional advantages in ecological service value. These results indicate that the newly established climate ecological assessment system can better reflect the value of “China Natural Oxygen Bar” climate ecological products.

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葉彩華,沙祎,白韌,劉勇洪.“中國天然氧吧”氣候生態產品價值分析——以北京懷柔為例[J].氣象科技,2025,53(1):112~123

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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-23
  • 定稿日期:2024-10-10
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  • 在線發布日期: 2025-02-27
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