氣象業務綜合監視數據標準化設計與應用
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中國氣象局基本建設項目(2200506)和中國氣象局行業標準編制項目(QX/T-2020-47)資助


Standardization Design and Application of Integrated Monitoring Data for Meteorological Service
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    摘要:

    打造開放的氣象綜合業務實時監控體系,全面提升氣象業務的運行質量與效率是氣象信息化發展的重要工作。針對氣象綜合業務監視范圍廣泛、內容多樣以及傳輸密集等特性,為實現海量監視數據高效、完整及準確的采集、傳輸與處理,本文設計了一種基于標準化數據分類的可擴展的監視數據內容模型。該模型對種類繁多的監視數據進行抽象與概括,劃分了監視數據的類別;描述了每一類別監視數據的通用屬性;同時依據核心監視功能的數據需求,在通用屬性的基礎上進一步設計了典型的監視數據屬性域內容。該模型具備通用性、可擴展性特點,在中國氣象局“氣象綜合業務實時監控系統(天鏡)”的建設中得到廣泛應用,并在2022年發布為氣象行業標準,為國省共有核心監控功能的實現以及各省特有監控范圍的擴充提供了有效的監視數據支撐。

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    Building an open real-time monitoring system for integrated meteorological services and comprehensively improving the operational quality and efficiency of meteorological services is an important task for the development of meteorological informatization. The scope of meteorological integrated business monitoring includes multiple business fields such as forecast, prediction, observation, information, and public services. The monitoring function covers multiple aspects such as meteorological data, meteorological business applications, and infrastructure resources. The monitoring data have a wide range, diverse content, and intensive transmission, with a massive expansion in quantity and capacity. Establishing a standardised access mechanism for monitoring data has become a key factor in ensuring that complex and diverse monitoring data can be efficiently, completely, and accurately collected into the real-time monitoring system, and achieving integrated monitoring for meteorological comprehensive service. Upon the CIMISS-MCP monitoring data framework, this article designs a scalable monitoring data content model based on standardised data classification. Firstly, based on the content and application characteristics of the monitoring data, the meteorological business integrated monitoring data is divided into three categories: event information, status information, and indicator data, and their meanings are defined separately. Secondly, for each category of monitoring data, by analysing and summarising the business connotation of massive monitoring information, the necessary attribute items are extracted, forming a universal model composed of data identification domain and data attribute domain. Thirdly, considering the significant specificity of data attribute domain content due to the differences in monitoring objects and monitoring requirements, attribute items are defined for typical data domain content of event information required for core monitoring functions such as meteorological data full process monitoring, meteorological business application task monitoring, and centralised alarm monitoring. This model adopts various scalability elements in the design of general and typical attributes, which has good universality and scalability characteristics. It is widely applied in the construction of the “Meteorological Integrated Real-time Monitoring System” of the China Meteorological Administration, achieving the generation, collection, storage, calculation, service, and publication display of massive monitoring data, and well supporting various functions of the meteorological integrated monitoring business. At the same time, it is widely applied in the localisation and functional expansion of business monitoring systems in various provincial meteorological data centres and shows positive benefits. The design and application of this model effectively ensure the efficient and stable operation of meteorological information business, laying a solid data foundation for service-oriented and intelligent operation and maintenance of meteorological big data centres in the era of intelligent meteorology.

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張小纓,韓春陽,陳文琴,曾樂.氣象業務綜合監視數據標準化設計與應用[J].氣象科技,2024,52(4):497~507

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-15
  • 定稿日期:2024-03-27
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  • 在線發布日期: 2024-08-28
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