測風激光雷達與風廓線雷達的探測性能評估及數據融合
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北京市氣象局科技項目(BMBKJ202201010)和中國氣象局創新發展專項(CXFZ2022J058、CXFZ2023J061)資助


Detection Performance Evaluation and Data Fusion of Doppler Wind Lidar and Wind Profiling Radar
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    摘要:

    測風激光雷達和風廓線雷達作為L波段探空測風的有效補充,均可以提供高時空分辨率的大氣風場信息,然而由于工作原理和適用條件存在明顯差異,在探測性能上各有優缺點,單一設備的探測數據已不能滿足精細化預報的要求。本研究使用2020年1—5月北京南郊觀象臺的L波段探空資料對同址觀測的測風激光雷達和風廓線雷達進行了數據質量評估,結果表明測風激光雷達與探空的一致性較高,U、V分量的相關系數分別為0.97和0.98,均方根誤差分別為1.1和0.95 m·s-1,然而在2 km以上數據獲取率較低且偏差較大;風廓線雷達與探空相比,U、V分量的相關系數分別為0.94和0.93,均方根誤差分別為2.94和2.91 m·s-1,風廓線雷達的探測距離雖然更遠,但在0.5 km以下和6 km以上的測量偏差較大??紤]到兩種測風雷達在不同探測高度上的性能優缺點,提出分段曲面擬合法對兩者的水平風資料進行融合處理,并選取個例對融合效果進行驗證,結果表明,融合后的風廓線與融合前相比,風向和風速的一致性均得到明顯提升。

    Abstract:

    As the effective supplements to Lband radiosonde, both the Doppler wind lidar and wind profiling radar can provide atmospheric wind field information with high spatial and temporal resolution. However, due to the obvious differences between Doppler wind lidar and wind profiling radar in terms of working principles and applicable conditions, the two wind measuring instruments have their own advantages and disadvantages in detection performance, and the detection data of a single instrument can no longer satisfy the requirements of refined forecasting. In this study, Lband radiosonde data from the Nanjiao observation site in Beijing from January to May 2020 are used to evaluate the observational data quality of the Doppler wind lidar and wind profiling radar at the same site. The results show that the Doppler wind lidar has a high consistency with the Lband radiosonde. The correlation coefficients of U and V components of Doppler wind lidar and Lband radiosonde are 0.97 and 0.98, respectively, and the root mean square errors of U and V components of Doppler wind lidar and Lband radiosonde are 1.1 and 0.95 m·s-1, respectively. However, when the detection height is above 2 km, the data acquisition rate of Doppler wind lidar is low and the deviation is large. Compared to Doppler wind lidar, the consistency between the wind profiling radar and Lband radiosonde is slightly worse. The correlation coefficients of U and V components between the wind profiling radar and Lband radiosonde are 0.94 and 0.93, respectively, and the root mean square errors of U and V components between the wind profiling radar and Lband radiosonde are 2.94 and 2.91 m·s-1, respectively. Compared to Doppler wind lidar, wind profiling radar has a longer detection range but a lower temporal resolution, in addition to a larger measurement bias below 0.5 km and above 6 km. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of the doppler wind lidar and wind profiling radar at different detection heights, the horizontal wind measurements from the two wind measuring instruments are first spliced and fused, and then the segmented surface fitting method is used to correct the outliers and compensate for the missing values of the fused wind profiles. Two cases are selected to validate and analyse the effect of fusion. The results show that the consistency between the wind direction and wind speed of the fused wind profile and the Lband radiosonde is significantly improved compared to the measurements of the individual devices before the fusion process.

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夏蕓潔,韋濤,李林,賴悅,孫雪琪,張治國,孫赫敏.測風激光雷達與風廓線雷達的探測性能評估及數據融合[J].氣象科技,2024,52(2):151~162

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-04
  • 定稿日期:2023-11-14
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  • 在線發布日期: 2024-04-29
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