基于S波段雙偏振雷達一次強雹暴過程觀測分析
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寧波市自然科學基金項目(202003N4192)資助


Observational Analysis of a Strong Hailstorm Based on S-Band Dual-polarization Radar
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    摘要:

    利用寧波S波段雙偏振天氣雷達資料、NCEP再分析資料、結合常規觀測資料和實地冰雹調查資料,對2020年3月21日浙江省中北部一次強雹暴災害過程(簡稱“03·21”過程)的天氣背景和雙偏振雷達回波演變特征進行分析。結果表明:①此次雹暴過程環流形勢屬于低層暖平流強迫類型,雹暴影響過程約4 h,雹暴A和B先以強的對流單體形態移動,在自西向東移動過程中分別加強為超級單體。②典型降雹時次具有明顯的三體散射特征(TBSS),垂直剖面圖上強回波(>50 dBz)伸展高度超過-20 ℃層,低層的弱回波,中高層懸垂回波明顯。徑向速度垂直剖面圖上,雹暴低層輻合,其上疊加了輻散層,使得雹塊得以繼續形成和增長。③冰雹區出現了ZDR冰雹信號,對應的反射率因子(ZH)均大于65 dBz,差分反射率因子(ZDR)介于-2.0~0 dB,相關系數(CC)介于0.80~0.98;當結合ZH、ZDR、CC綜合判斷云中有冰雹粒子,CC<0.9時KDP的“空洞”區域也可作為判別大冰雹的依據之一。④HCL產品較好地反映了空中冰雹的分布和演變,根據低仰角的冰雹色標、同時結合零度層高度和雹云團下溫度遞減率值的大小,能更好地判斷出冰雹發生的落區和尺寸。

    Abstract:

    Using Ningbo S-band dual-polarization radar data, NCEP reanalysis data, conventional observation data, and field hail survey data, the weather background and evolution characteristics of dual-polarization radar echo of a severe hailstorm disaster process in the central-northern of Zhejiang Province on 21 March 2020 is analyzed. The results show that: (1) The circulation situation of this hailstorm process which lasted about 4 hours, belonged to the type of low-level warm advection forcing. Hailstorms A and B first moved in the form of strong convective cells and strengthened into supercells, respectively, when moving from west to east. (2) At the typical hailing stages, there existed the obvious three-body scattering spike (TBSS). The extension height of the strong echo (>50 dBz) on the vertical profile exceeded -20 ℃, while the weak echo of the low layer and the hanging echo of the middle-high layer were obvious. On the vertical profile of radial velocity, the lower layer of the hailstorm converged, and the divergent layer was superimposed on it, which made the hailstorm blocks continue to form and grow. (3) The ZDR hail signal appeared in the hail area, and the corresponding ZH was greater than 65 dBz, ZDR was between -2.0 and 0 dB, and CC was between 0.80 and 0.98. When combined ZH, ZDR and CC to comprehensively judge that there were hail particles in the cloud, and CC<0.9, the “hole” area of KDP could also be used as one of the basis for judging heavy hails. (4) HCL products better reflected the distribution and evolution of hails in the air. According to the hail colour scale at low elevation, combined with the height of the zero-degree layer and the value of temperature decline rate under hail clouds, the falling area and size of a hail could be better judged.

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吳福浪,李云,方艷瑩,姜嘉俊.基于S波段雙偏振雷達一次強雹暴過程觀測分析[J].氣象科技,2023,51(2):245~253

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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-08
  • 定稿日期:2022-11-04
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  • 在線發布日期: 2023-04-27
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