Based on the routine meteorological observation data at 2400 weather stations in China from 1961 to 2021, the basic summary of climate and major meteorological disasters in China in the autumn of 2021 is comprehensively analyzed according to “Regulations on Monitoring and Evaluation of Regional Important Processes” issued by the China Meteorological Administration in 2019. The results are as follows: (1) The climate condition in China in the autumn of 2021 was generally worse than normal; the average temperature was higher than that in the same period of normal years, and the average precipitation was more than that in the same period of normal years. The less landing typhoons and the cumulative effects of the heavy rain process in the affected area were significant, with the same as the cold air process, which caused the impact of rain, snow and freezing disasters in the north to be significantly higher than that in the south. (2) In the autumn of 2021, the meteorological disasters were complex and severe in China, and the multitype extreme weather and climate events, mainly including rainstorms and floods, high-temperature and droughts, low-temperature freezing rain and snow disasters, occurred frequently, which had significant phased and regional characteristics. The number of extremely heavy rainfall processes was 4.2 more than that in the same period in normal years. There were severe autumn floods in northern China, with heavy flooding in Shanxi, Shaanxi, etc. The number of regional high-temperature processes was 2.4 more than that in the same period of the year. The regional characteristics of the high-temperature process were significant, leading to Jiangnan and southern China witnessing the compound development of high temperature and droughts. Seven cold air processes occurred in China during the autumn, three of which were cold wave processes, 1.2 times more than the same period in normal years. The cumulative effects of the affected regions were significant, resulting in heavy snow in the three northeastern provinces and parts of Inner Mongolia.