雷達回波大地坐標的參考定位計算方法
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A Reference Positioning Methodology for Computing Geodetic Coordinates of Radar Echo
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    摘要:

    隨著現代空間技術發展和國家大地坐標系CGCS2000的全面啟用,精確的點位坐標得到了廣泛地應用。庫長小于百米的高分辨率天氣雷達的業務化應用,提高了回波點位表達的準確性要求。在本研究中,定義了雷達“參考定位球”,利用CGCS2000的三維地心坐標,在參考定位球和地球橢球體之間建立數學聯系,通過大地坐標、參考坐標和雷達觀測坐標之間的相互轉換,實現了雷達回波大地坐標的精確計算。在此基礎上對目前普遍采用的地球圓球體近似方法進行了誤差分析:其誤差以水平偏離為主,偏離程度與雷達觀測坐標和雷達緯度位置有關,高緯度雷達和低緯度雷達的偏離程度要大于中緯度雷達;最大偏離隨距離增加而增加,探測距離50~400 km的最大偏離與探測距離之比在2‰~5‰之間,一般情況下可忽略,在坐標精度要求較高時需要考慮誤差帶來的影響。

    Abstract:

    With the development of modern space technology, accurate point coordinates have been widely used since the official opening of CGCS2000 in China. High-resolution weather radar, with a range bin size of usually less than 100 meters, needs more precise coordinates to represent meteorological echo positions in today’s operational applications. For the availability of radar echo’s accurate coordinates in CGCS2000, a series of mathematical relationships have been established between the Earth ellipsoid and radar RPS (a reference positioning sphere of radar) and have been utilised to compute typical coordinates associated with radar echoes, such as geodetic coordinates, geocentric coordinates, radar reference coordinates and radar observation coordinates. The error analysis of the earth spherical approximation method shows that horizontal deviation is the main error expression and correlates with radar geographic position and echo’s radar observation coordinates. The deviation level of high-or-low-latitude radar is greater than that of middle-latitude radar. The maximum deviation increases with the radar detection range. The ratio of the maximum deviation to detection range from 50 km to 400 km is between 2‰ and 5‰. The error influences can be ignored in general but not in some high-precision computations.

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楊洪平,韓微,王輝,胡姮.雷達回波大地坐標的參考定位計算方法[J].氣象科技,2023,51(1):22~30

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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-29
  • 定稿日期:2022-07-08
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  • 在線發布日期: 2023-03-03
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