This paper compares and verifies the atmosphere temperature profiles in the Winter Olympic Venue by different observation data, including ground microwave radiometer and Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) on FY-4A. For verification, we select the temperature profile data of FY-4A GIIRS from January to December 2020. We also compare the temperature profile data in three different atmospheric conditions: clear sky, air pollution, and dust storm, which will influence the Winter Olympic Games. The statistical result shows that GIIRS and ground microwave radiometer observation products have good accuracy in clear sky conditions. The average correlation coefficient is 0.97. The lower atmosphere (under 500 hPa) shows better accuracy than the higher atmosphere. Air pollution has a certain impact on the accuracy of vertical atmosphere detection. The value of PM_2.5 has no obvious influence on the detection value. The value of PM₁₀, especially during sand storms, has a huge impact on the vertical atmosphere detection of FY-4A GIIRS. After double comparison, we discover that satellite detection can be an important observation data source complementing radiosonde instruments and microwave radiometers. The advantages of FY-4A GIIRS are wide and frequent observation, average and high special resolution, and its accuracy detection in most types of atmospheric conditions. However, the cloud and heavy PM₁₀ pollution will highly impact GIIRS. The ground microwave radiometer can get vertical atmosphere parameters frequently in a fixed location. It shows high accuracy with the detection of radiosonde instruments. Moreover, those detection methods can provide vertical atmosphere temperature data with good quality for the weather forecast to the Winter Olympic Venue.