基于多元數據的城市工業布局氣候適宜性評估——以淄博為例
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國家自然科學基金(41901017)、中國氣象局創新發展專項(CXFZ2021J046)、北京市科技計劃課題(Z201100008220002)資助


Climate Suitability Evaluation of Urban Industrial Layout Based on Multivariate Data Analysis: Taking Zibo as an Example
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    本文以淄博市城市發展戰略規劃(2017—2030年)為例,開展了基于多元數據的城市工業布局氣候適宜性評估?;跉庀蟆⑦b感、環保等多元資料,對城市規劃密切相關的風環境、熱環境、大氣環境等進行了綜合分析。結果表明:研究區主導風向和風速大小存在一定空間差異,北部的桓臺和臨淄的主導風路徑多以東—西為主,其余地區以南—北路徑為主,臨淄的東部地區和淄川的中部地區為常年風速大值區,而周村、張店的大部分地區和博山的南部區域為風速小值區;城市熱島范圍隨時間擴張明顯,以兩軸區域為核心,呈蔓延式發展,較強以上等級熱島面積由2009年的405 km2發展至2016年的918 km2,其中張店區的增幅速度最快;敏感性模擬試驗顯示,易在山前出現污染匯聚帶,PM2.5污染物高濃度主要分布在淄博的中北部平原地區,而市域北部和東部區域的污染擴散條件相對較好,各區域工業排放大氣污染物的擴散特征主要受不同區域的主導風影響,其中淄川北部與張店南部的污染物擴散易對整個中心城區產生較大影響。綜合考慮以上風環境、熱環境、大氣環境的分析結果,將規劃區進行大氣環境敏感區等級劃分,明確了5類區域的工業布局氣候適宜性,從改善局地氣候與大氣環境角度提出規劃建議,為合理配置土地功能、優化工業布局提供了科學支撐。

    Abstract:

    Taking the urban development strategic planning of Zibo city (2017-2030) as an example, this paper analyses the climate suitability assessment of the urban industrial layout based on multivariate data analysis. The wind environment, thermal environment and atmospheric environment, closely related to urban planning, are comprehensively analysed using meteorological, remote sensing and environmental data. The results show that there is a certain spatial difference in the dominant wind direction and wind speed within the planning area. The dominant wind path in Huantai and Linzi, located in the northern part of Zibo, is mostly east-west, and the rest of the area is mainly south-north. The eastern area of Linzi and the central area of Zichuan are regions with high annual wind speeds, while most of Zhoucun, Zhangdian and the southern area of Boshan are regions with small wind speeds. The extent of the urban heat island has expanded significantly over time, with the twoaxis area as the core, showing a sprawling development. The area of the relatively strong and stronger heat island in the planning area has grown from 405 km2 in 2009 to 918 km2 in 2016, among which Zhangdian displays the fastest growth rate. The results of the sensitivity simulation experiment show that pollution convergence zones are likely to occur in front of the mountain, and the area with a high concentration of PM2.5 is mainly distributed in the north-central plains of Zibo. The pollution diffusion condition in the northern and eastern regions of the city is relatively good. The diffusion characteristics of air pollutants emitted by industries in various regions are mainly affected by the dominant winds in different areas. Among them, the diffusion of pollutants in the north of Zichuan and the south of Zhangdian is easy to have a greater impact on the entire central city. Comprehensively considering the above analysis results of wind environment, thermal environment, and atmospheric environment, the classification of the sensitive areas of atmospheric environment in the planning area is carried out, and the suitability of the industrial layout for five types of areas is clarified. From the perspective of improving the local climate and atmospheric environment, this paper put forward planning suggestions that provide scientific support for rational allocation of land functions and industrial layout optimisation.

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邢佩,黨冰,杜吳鵬,王慧芳,李梓銘,杜傳耀.基于多元數據的城市工業布局氣候適宜性評估——以淄博為例[J].氣象科技,2022,50(3):428~437

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  • 收稿日期:2021-07-06
  • 定稿日期:2022-02-15
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  • 在線發布日期: 2022-06-30
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