Based on the rainfall disaster data of Sichuan Province from 2002 to 2020, the daily and hourly rainfall data from 156 national meteorological stations and 5727 regional meteorological stations, the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall disasters and its relationship with rainfall characteristics in Sichuan Province are analyzed. The results show that the number of rainfall disasters in Sichuan Province has increased obviously in recent years. The number and density of rainfall disasters are the largest in the west and south of the Basin, and the number of deaths is the largest in Liangshan Prefecture and the northeast of the Basin. The disasters mainly occur from June to September and develop from the northeast, south to the west, and finally to the northeast of the Basin. The Basin has the highest possibility of a disaster occurring with torrential rains. The frequency of disaster occurrence is more than 50%, the frequency of disaster caused by heavy rain is 20%-40%, caused by heavy rain is 20%-30% in Panxi Region, caused by heavy rain is less in the western Sichuan Plateau, and caused by heavy rain is the highest, which is 10%-30%. The disasters with maximum hourly rainfall less than 10 mm in the basin area mainly occur in the south and northeast of the Basin. The disasters in the west of the Basin account for a larger proportion in each rainfall grade range. The disasters in the Panxi Region are mainly concentrated in 10-40 mm, and those in the western Sichuan Plateau are less than 20 mm. Disasters with maximum daily rainfall of less than 50 mm are mainly distributed in the south of the Basin, and those with maximum daily rainfall of more than 300 mm are mainly in the northwest of the Basin. Those with maximum daily rainfall of 50-100 mm are mainly in the south and southwest of the Basin. The proportion of 50-100 mm in the Panxi Region is the largest, and that in the western Sichuan Plateau is 25-50 mm.