一次臺風引發的遠距離暴雨診斷分析
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浙江省自然科學基金項目(LY19D050001)、嘉興市民生科技創新項目(2021AD30017)共同資助


Analysis of Effect of Typhoon Circulation on a Remote Rainstorm
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    摘要:

    臺風對遠距離暴雨的作用形式復雜,容易出現極端降水,量級和落區的預報難度大。2014年8月8日江蘇東部到浙江北部出現暴雨,通過研究數值預報形勢場、再分析場和各類實況資料,發現暴雨的產生與遠在1300 km外的西太平洋上的臺風“夏浪”有關。江蘇東部暴雨主要由中尺度渦旋造成,臺風通過北側偏東氣流向暴雨區輸送暖濕空氣,有利于暴雨的形成與維持;浙江北部暴雨是中尺度渦旋與臺風環流結合的產物,臺風北上過程中,中心與中尺度渦旋逐漸靠近,臺風外圍環流對渦旋產生牽引,流場形勢發生改變,引導弱冷空氣在浙北近海附近與暖空氣交匯輻合抬升引發暴雨,不穩定能量劇烈釋放產生的中γ尺度氣旋造成了極端強降水。

    Abstract:

    The effect of typhoon circulation on remote rainstorms is complicated, and extreme precipitation is easy to occur, so it is difficult to forecast accurately the level and falling area. On August 8th, 2014, there were heavy rains from the east of Jiangsu to the north of Zhejiang. Using the numerical forecast situation, the NCEP final operational Global Data and actual observation data, we found collections between the heavy rains and the typhoon “XiaoLong”, 1300 km away on the western Pacific Ocean. The mesoscale vortex mainly caused the rainstorm in the eastern part of Jiangsu Province. The warm and moist air was transmitted to the rainstorm area by the easterly flow of typhoon north side, which was conducive to the formation and maintenance of the rainstorm. Then the rainstorm in the northern part of Zhejiang was caused by the combined effect of the mesoscale vortex and the typhoon circulation. In the process of typhoon moving northward, the distance between the typhoon centre and the vortex shortened, and then the typhoon circulation produced traction on the vortex, which changed the flow field situation. The northwest airflow brought weak cold air to the northern part of Zhejiang and met the warm air in lowlevel in the inshore region, causing convergence uplift and the rainstorm. Then, the convective instability energy broke out, resulting in the mesoscaleγ cyclone, which caused the extreme heavy precipitation.

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張雪慧,田德寶,曾令建,張珊珊,陸琛莉,謝帥.一次臺風引發的遠距離暴雨診斷分析[J].氣象科技,2021,49(5):777~784

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歷史
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-29
  • 定稿日期:2021-04-26
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  • 在線發布日期: 2021-10-26
  • 出版日期: 2021-10-31
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