浙江省地閃特征及致災危險性分析
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浙江省氣象科技計劃項目(2018QN03)資助


Analysis of CG Lightning Characteristics and Disaster-Causing Risk in Zhejiang Province
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    摘要:

    基于2007—2018年浙江省ADTD閃電監測資料,分析該區域地閃時空分布特征,進而選用地閃密度和強度作為致災要素,進行致災危險性評估。結果表明:落雷日數和正地閃比例的年際變化均呈增長趨勢,全年地閃集中發生于6—9月的12:00—20:00。春季正地閃比例高,地閃多發于傍晚和夜間;夏季日地閃落雷面積廣、密度極值高,午后雷暴占主導地位。地閃密度相對高值區隨季節演變而自西向東移動,年平均地閃密度總體呈浙中多南北少的特征。雷電流幅值主要分布于15~45 kA,地閃強度平均值在舟山最高(44.49 kA),臺州最低(32.69 kA),地閃密度和強度的空間分布特征各異。致災危險性極高等級在浙東沿海一帶和杭州—紹興交界呈片狀分布,另在溫州西北部、浙中和浙西地區呈絮狀分布,致災危險性與歷史雷災個數、人員傷亡總數的空間分布總體一致。

    Abstract:

    Based on the observation data of the Zhejiang ADTD lightning location system (from 2007 to 2018), the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of cloudtoground (CG) lightning are analyzed. Considering both CG lightning density and intensity, an analysis of lightning disaster causing risk is made. The results show that the number of thunderstorm days per year and the percentage of positive CG lightning each year both have a rising tendency during the 12 years. The CG flashes mainly occur from 12:00 to 20:00, June to September. In spring, the proportion of positive CG lightning is much higher, while the most of flashes occur in the evening and at night. In summer, there are many abnormally high values of daily lightning density and lightning area, while the peak hour of daily lightning is mainly in the afternoon. The spatial distribution of higher CG lightning density area varies from west to east with season changes. It is also found that the average CG lightning density over the years is higher in the central Zhejiang than in north and south parts. The amplitude of CG lightning current is mainly distributed from 15 to 45 kA. The average value of CG lightning intensity is the highest in Zhoushan (44.49 kA), while the lowest in Taizhou (32.69 kA). The spatial distribution characteristics of lightning intensity and density are different. It suggests that the very high lightning disastercausing risk level locates in the coastal area of the eastern Zhejiang, HangzhouShaoxing border, northwestern Wenzhou, central Zhejiang and western Zhejiang. The spatial distribution characteristics of disaster causing risk level are consistent with the number of historical lightning disasters as well as the total number of casualties.

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顧媛,張衛斌,崔雪東.浙江省地閃特征及致災危險性分析[J].氣象科技,2021,49(4):654~661

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歷史
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-01
  • 定稿日期:2021-03-09
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  • 在線發布日期: 2021-08-23
  • 出版日期: 2021-08-31
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