北部灣海霧特點及海陸大霧差異分析
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廣西自然科學基金項目(2016GXNSFAA380330)資助


Characteristics of Sea Fogs in Beibu Gulf and Differences between Heavy Fogs over Sea and Land
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    摘要:

    基于2016—2017年北部灣海洋氣象浮標站、海島站、內陸站的觀測資料,對北部灣海霧的季節變化、生消特征和持續時間進行了統計分析,并探討了海上和陸地大霧的差異性。結果表明:①2016年北部灣出現海霧37 d,2017年為19 d;3月海霧日數最多,4月次之,12月和6—10月未出現海霧;一天中出現霧的峰值時間為03:00—05:00,霧消散峰值時間為08:00—10:00;霧的維持時間絕大部分在3 h以內。②北部灣不同的地域和下墊面,霧的生消時間有所不同,海上霧(浮標站)的出現時間較海島霧(潿洲島站)、沿岸陸地霧(北海站)約提前3 h左右,消散時間推遲約3 h左右。③北部灣海霧絕大多數發生在風速小于等于5 m/s的情況下,以1~3 m/s最為適宜,海上霧多出現在NNE-SE情況下,沿岸霧偏南風居多;95%的海霧出現在海水溫度低于25.0 ℃條件下。

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    Based on the data of buoy, island and inland stations of the Beibu Gulf from 2016 to 2017, the seasonal variation, occurrence and disappearance characteristics, and duration of fogs and the difference between sea and land heavy fogs are statistically analyzed. The result shows that the number of sea fog days occurred in 2016 is 37 and 19 in 2017. The largest number of sea fog days occurred in March; the second is in April; and there was no sea fog occurred in December and from June to October every year. The peak time of sea fog appearing was 03:00 to 05:00, and the peak time of dissipation was 08:00 to 10:00. The duration of sea fog maintenance was within 3 hours. The generation time of sea fogs was different in different areas and underlying surfaces over the Beibu Gulf. The generation time of sea fogs (buoy stations) was about 3 hours earlier than those of island fogs (Weizhou Station) and coastal fogs (Beihai Station), and the dissipation time was about 3 hours later. The sea fogs over the Beibu Gulf mostly took place under the condition when wind speed was less than 5 m/s (l to 3 m/s is most suitable) and wind direction was NNE to SE; ninetyfive percent of sea fogs occurred when the sea water temperature was lower than 25.0 ℃.

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鄭鳳琴,周紹毅,韋晶晶,郭曉薇,盧小鳳.北部灣海霧特點及海陸大霧差異分析[J].氣象科技,2020,48(5):717~722

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  • 收稿日期:2019-10-14
  • 定稿日期:2020-01-20
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  • 在線發布日期: 2020-10-26
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