利用浮標站觀測資料分析臺風“貝碧嘉”過境時風浪變化特征
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廣西自然科學基金項目(2015GXNSFBA139189)、廣西區氣象局氣象科研面上項目(桂氣科2019M09)共同資助


Characteristics of Wind and Wave Changes in Transit of Typhoon Bebinca Using Buoy Station Observation Data
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    摘要:

    利用北部灣海域一個大型氣象浮標站獲取的臺風“貝碧嘉”過程實測數據,分析了該臺風過境時風浪變化特征。分析結果表明:臺風的風速時程變化曲線呈“M”形雙峰分布,臺風眼壁區風速最大,前眼壁區風速大于后眼壁區,前眼壁區和后眼壁區最大風速分別為22.6 m/s和20.8 m/s;臺風眼區氣壓和風速最小,波高和波周期最大,其中眼區最大風速為2.7 m/s,最大波高為5.4 m,最大波周期為5.5 s;波高最大值出現時間滯后風速最大值40 min;臺風眼區以外的波高與風速正相關;在臺風從浮標站南側經過期間,風向和波向均沿著順時針方向旋轉,其中風向和波向10 min最大旋轉角度分別為50°和150°;風向與波向不在同一個方向,兩者之間的夾角平均為171°。

    Abstract:

    Based on the observed data of Typhoon Bebinca from a large meteorological buoy station in the Beibu Gulf, the variation characteristics of wind waves during the transit of the typhoon are analyzed. The results indicate: The time history curve of typhoon wind speed shows a double peak distribution, and the wind speed in the eyewall area of the typhoon was the largest. The wind speeds in the front eyewall area was greater than that in the back eyewall area. The maximum wind speeds in the front eyewall and the back eyewall were 22.6 m/s and 20.8 m/s, respectively. Typhoon eye area had the smallest pressure and wind speed, the largest wave height and wave period. The maximum wind speed in the eye area was 2.7 m/s, the maximum wave height was 5.4 m and the maximum wave period was 5.5 s. The maximum of wave height lagged behind the maximum of wind speed, and the lag time was about 40 minutes. The wave heights outside the eye area of typhoon were positively correlated with wind speed. During the period of typhoon influence when it was through the south of the meteorological buoy station, both wind direction and wave direction rotated clockwise, and wind direction and wave direction 10minute maximum rotated 50° and 150°, respectively. The wind and wave were not in the same direction, and the average angle between them was 171°.

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蘇志,何如,陶偉,周紹毅,羅紅磊.利用浮標站觀測資料分析臺風“貝碧嘉”過境時風浪變化特征[J].氣象科技,2020,48(3):415~420

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  • 收稿日期:2019-06-10
  • 定稿日期:2019-09-19
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  • 在線發布日期: 2020-06-18
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