2018年登陸上海兩個臺風暴雨結構特征綜合對比分析
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國家重點研發計劃(2017YFC150230)、國家自然科學基金項目(41775047)資助


Comparative Analysis of Structural Characteritics of Two Typhoons Landing in Shanghai in 2018
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    摘要:

    利用常規天氣資料、雷達資料及NCEP(1°×1°)再分析資料,對1812號臺風“云雀”和1818號臺風“溫比亞”在上海和浙江產生的暴雨過程進行對比分析,結果表明:①“云雀”受副高南側偏東氣流引導,降水集中在臺風南側,“溫比亞”受大陸高壓南側偏東氣流引導,降水在臺風兩側分布均勻,暴雨范圍比“云雀”廣,但暴雨中心強度比“云雀”弱。②“云雀”后期南側杭州灣一帶有弱冷空氣侵入,大氣對流不穩性增強,降水再次增強,“溫比亞”后期大氣為弱對流不穩定狀態,降水逐漸減弱。③“溫比亞”兩側水汽分布均勻,水汽通量大值區范圍和強度比“云雀”大,但垂直方向上“云雀”輻合高度到達了對流層中上層。④ “云雀”暴雨中心正好位于南亞高壓主體南側偏東氣流中,更有利于高層輻散加強,產生強降水。

    Abstract:

    Based on the regular weather data, radar data and NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data, the rainstorms occurred in Shanghai and Zhejiang Coast produced by typhoon Jongdari (1812) and typhoon Rumbia (1818) are comparatively analyzed. The results show: (1) Jongdari was guided by the easterly wind of the south subtropical high and the precipitation is concentrated on the south side. Rumbia was guided by the easterly wind of the south continental high and the precipitation evenly distributes on both sides. The rainstorm of Rumbia was wider than that of Jongdari, but the center is weaker. (2) At the late period of Jongdari, cold air intruded from the Hangzhou Bay which increased atmospheric convective instability and made precipitation increase again. The atmosphere was in a weak convective instability state at the late period of Rumbia, whose precipitation weakened gradually. (3) The water vapor distribution on both sides of Rumbia was even, and the water vapor flux was greater in range and more intensive than that of Jongdari, whose convergence height in vertical direction reached up to the upper troposphere. (4) The rainstorm center of Jongdari was located in the east wind of the southern South Asian high, which was conducive to the strengthening of highlevel divergence and strong precipitation.

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沈曉玲,桑明慧.2018年登陸上海兩個臺風暴雨結構特征綜合對比分析[J].氣象科技,2020,48(2):274~283

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  • 收稿日期:2019-04-22
  • 定稿日期:2019-09-06
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  • 在線發布日期: 2020-04-29
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