武漢市一次對流梅雨暴雨過程診斷分析
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國家自然科學基金重點國際合作研究項目(41620104009)、國家自然科學基金應急管理項目(41541037)和國家自然科學基金項目(41375057)資助


Diagnostic Analysis of a Convective Meiyu Rainstorm in Wuhan
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    摘要:

    2016年7月5—6日武漢市發生對流梅雨暴雨,出現嚴重城市內澇。分析對流云團活動、天氣系統與物理量演變,結果表明:①對流云團來自江漢平原東部,暴雨前期對流云團合并發生在2個〖WTBX〗β〖WTBZ〗云團之間,中期2個〖WTBX〗β〖WTBZ〗云團先后與1個〖WTBX〗α〖WTBZ〗云團合并,后期對流云團無明顯合并,雖有向西的指狀對流云生成,武漢市強降雨還是開始減弱。②暴雨發生在200 hPa南亞高壓東伸脊北側,500 hPa副熱帶高壓在江南加強西進過程中,500 hPa緯向切變轉為低槽東移,850 hPa江漢平原低渦則是迴旋少動,高空偏北風急流左側水汽輻散與偏南風低空急流前方水汽輻合耦合有利于啟動強降雨。③武漢站200~850 hPa,500~850 hPa風垂直切變明顯,400 hPa干空氣入侵,共同觸發了強降雨。

    Abstract:

    A convective Meiyu rainstorm took place in Wuhan from 5 to 6 July 2016, which caused serious urban water logging. The convective clouds influencing the weather system and physical elements are studied. The results show: (1) The convective clouds came from the eastern Jianghan Plain. During the heavy rain in Wuhan, two β convective cells merged at the first stage, and two 〖WTBX〗β〖WTBZ〗 convective cells merged with 〖WTBX〗α〖WTBZ〗 cloud successively at the second stage, in which rainfall in Wuhan strengthened dramatically. At the last stage, because the convective cloud cluster passed Wuhan without obvious merger, the heavy rainfall began to reduce, though there appeared the westward fingerlike convective clouds. (2) The heavy rain took place while the subtropical high was strengthening and moving westward. During the rainstorm, Wuhan was located at the northeast side of the ridge stretching eastward from the South Asia high at 200 hPa. The zonal shear line turned to a trough and moved eastward at 500 hPa; the vortex maintained over the Jianghan plain at 850 hPa. It was a favorable condition for the heavy rain that Wuhan was in the water vapor divergence zone locating at the left side of the northerly wind jet at 200 hPa, coupling with the water vapor convergence zone in front of the lowlevel southerly jet at 850 hPa.(3) As the wind direction over Wuhan turned out to be northwest at 200 hPa, wind speed increased at 500 hPa, both vertical shear between 200 hPa and 850 hPa and between 500 hPa and 850 hPa increased dramatically. Dry air appeared at 400 hPa. These three factors motivated the rainstorm to burst.

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張端禹,崔春光,廖移山.武漢市一次對流梅雨暴雨過程診斷分析[J].氣象科技,2018,46(3):594~604

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  • 收稿日期:2017-05-27
  • 定稿日期:2018-01-02
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  • 在線發布日期: 2018-06-28
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