廣州珠江新城地區高建筑物雷電回擊磁場分析
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廣東省氣象局面上項目(2016B24) 資助


Statistics Characteristics of Lightning ReturnStroke Electromagnetic Field Produced by TallBuilding in Pearl River New Area of Guangzhou
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    摘要:

    對2011—2012年廣州高建筑物雷電觀測站獲取到的雷電回擊磁場波形數據進行統計分析,選取14個高建筑物的27次閃電過程(均為負極性地閃,含回擊過程112次),其中44%的閃電個例為單次地閃過程。采用小波軟閾值去噪法和基礎噪聲歸零法進行數據預處理,分析發現:選取的回擊磁場波形均呈現多峰現象,鑒于高建筑物反射峰的影響,本文只統計初始峰值;選取數據的1次閃電回擊次數的算術平均值為42次,高度200 m以下的閃電過程(14次)算術平均回擊次數51次,高度200 m以上的閃電過程(13次)算術平均回擊次數32次;建筑物越高對磁場峰值的增強作用越顯著,擊中200 m以上的建筑物上雷電首次回擊和繼后回擊磁場峰值幾何平均值分別是200 m以下的22倍和15倍;建筑物高度對回擊過程磁場波頭上升時間影響不大;繼后回擊過程磁場波頭時間遠小于首次回擊,與回擊電場波形特征一致。

    Abstract:

    The TallObject Lightning Observatory in Guangzhou (TOLOG) can technically observe lightning flashes striking on tall buildings with different heights in the Pearl River New Area of Guangzhou. The waveform data of the lightning magnetic fields for 27 negative cloudtoground lightning (CG), which occurred on 14 high buildings obtained in 2011 and 2012, are collected and analyzed. The CGs include 112 returnstrokes (RSs), and 44% of them were single lightning processes. The softthreshold wavelet denoising method and the basic noise zero method are used for data preprocessing. The waveforms of the selected RS magnetic fields show multipeak patterns. Only the initial peak is valued in this paper due to the influence of the reflection peak existed among the high building group. The arithmetic mean of the number of strokes for a lightning is 42 The arithmetic mean of the number of strokes for 13 flash cases is 52, which occurred in the buildings below 200 m. The arithmetic mean of the number of strokes for 14 flash cases is 32, which occurred in the buildings above 200 m. The results show that the higher the building is, the more obvious the enhancement of the magnetic field peak value is. The geometric mean of the magnetic field peak values induced by the first and the subsequent returnstrokes occurred in the buildings above 200 m is respectively 22 times and 15 times of those induced by the first and the subsequent returnstrokes occurred in the buildings below 200 m. The building height had little effect on the wave head time. The wave head time of the magnetic field in the subsequent return stroke is far less than that of the first return stroke, which is consistent with the waveform characteristics of the return stroke.

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殷啟元,黃惺惺.廣州珠江新城地區高建筑物雷電回擊磁場分析[J].氣象科技,2018,46(2):423~428

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  • 收稿日期:2017-04-03
  • 定稿日期:2017-07-06
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  • 在線發布日期: 2018-05-02
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