Relationships between Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and winter temperature in China and their characteristics are investigated by using the statistical method at the interrannual and interdecadal scalesThe correlation coefficients are calculated between the PDO index time series during the period of 1951 to 2016 and the observed surface air temperature of 160 stations throughout ChinaThe results exhibit that the relationship between PDO interannual variability and winter temperatures in China is not significant, but dramatically close relationship with China’s winter temperature interdecadal variability; in the PDO positive (negative) phase, the temperature is generally high (low). The influence mechanisms of PDO on China’s winter temperature are characterized by the following: in the PDO positive (negative) phase, the sea level pressure field in Siberian is weak (strong); the 500 hPa height field in the east Asian is weak (strong); and the 200 hPa zonal wind field in the east Asian jet stream is weak (strong), resulting in the high (low) winter temperature of China