浙江北部近海邊界層風廓線特征分析
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浙江省自然科學基金(LY15D050001)、寧波市科技計劃項目(2012C50044)、寧波市氣象科技計劃項目(NBQX2012009B) 共同資助


Characteristic Analysis of NearSurface Boundary Layer Wind Profile over Northern Coastal Zhejiang Seas
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    摘要:

    利用2010年12月至2014年5月寧波近海涼帽山370 m高塔氣象梯度風觀測和浙江北部沿海自動氣象站測風資料,對浙江北部近海風速垂直廓線進行分析,結果發現:受地形影響,偏南、偏北風時塔基風速一般比上一層風速大。不同天氣系統影響下近地邊界層風廓線不同,南風型320 m以下風速基本遵從對數律。熱帶氣旋影響型和北風型時風廓線可分為3段,常通量層內基本滿足對數律,該層向上一段高度熱帶氣旋影響型風速變化不大,北風型反而減小,再往上風速又繼續增大。北風型風廓線的這種3段結構表現比熱帶氣旋影響型更為清楚,約80~109 m風速出現相對極大值,200~250 m間存在風速極小值。滿足對數律的近地邊界層內小風比大風具有更好的擬合優度。浙江北部沿海自動氣象站測風資料不同風型統計分析與高塔風廓線表現基本一致。

    Abstract:

    Based on the meteorological observations from December 2010 to May 2014 of the 370 m observation tower on the Liangmaoshan Island of Ningbo and the automatic weather stations along the northern coastal Zhejiang province, an analysis is made of the wind profile characteristics in the nearsurface boundary layer in different prevailing winds and different wind forces. Results show that wind speed at the tower base was stronger than that of the next upper layer in north or south wind because of topography. The wind profiles were different under different weather patterns, which basically meets the logarithm law at layers below 320 m when wind is from south, but when the tower was affected by TCs or the winds from north, the profile could be separated into 3 layers: within the constant flux layer, the winds meets basically the logarithm law; at the next layer above, there exists usually a layer with hardly changing velocity because of TCs, and there is slight decreasing in north winds; at the upper layers, winds increase. The threelayer structure is more obviously while north winds prevailing than TCs affecting, with the maximum velocity at about 80 to 109 m and the minimum at 200 to 250 m. Within the layers with the wind profile following the logarithm law, the fitting goodness of weak wind profiles is better than that of strong winds. Investigation on the profile of AWS observations indicates a consistent performance.

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姚日升,涂小萍,丁燁毅,徐迪峰,蔣璐璐.浙江北部近海邊界層風廓線特征分析[J].氣象科技,2017,45(3):516~525

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  • 收稿日期:2016-05-05
  • 定稿日期:2016-10-18
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  • 在線發布日期: 2017-07-03
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