中國地面氣溫和降水網格化數據精度比較
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氣象關鍵技術集成與應用重點項目“地面自動化觀測資料均一化處理技術研發及應用”(CMAGJ2015216)和國家自然基金委面上項目(41371093)共同資助


Validation of Gridded Precipitation and Temperature Data over China
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    摘要:

    采用2013年國家氣象信息中心逐日的839個中國基準、基本氣象站,2419個國家級地面氣象站,3萬個逐小時中國地面站氣溫和降水數據,利用ANUSPLIN、SHERPAD和OI插值方法進行網格化,比較了日尺度上不同方法插值不同站網密度站點數據的精度。結果表明:臺站點數量多的插值結果,對降水或氣溫描述的準確性高,相關性隨站點密度增加而增大,均方根誤差隨站點密度增加而減少。不同方法得出的相關性、均方根誤差隨季節變化明顯,且差異較大,并具有月尺度變化特征。夏季站點數量相同的不同插值結果,降水場的相關系數、RMSE等評分指標均優于年平均,氣溫的相關系數則低于年平均。降水場的評估指標時間序列不確定性更大,波動范圍大于氣溫。國家氣象信息中心制作的基于氣候背景場OI插值的2419站降水場和考慮高程ANUSPLIN插值的2419站氣溫的綜合評價較好。

    Abstract:

    The primary goal is to evaluate and discuss the validation of gridded precipitation and temperature data by means of three products (ANUSPLIN,SHERPAD,and Optimal Interpolation Method)at 05°×05° spatial resolution, using the daily data of precipitation and temperature from the network of 2419 national ground meteorological stations and 839 basic/reference meteorological stations from the National Meteorological Information Center (NMIC) of China in 2013 Results show that the accuracy of gridded precipitation and temperature data is higher, when the number of stations is greater. The correlation coefficient increases and the root mean square error (RMSE) decrease with increasing station density, which are different and change with seasons and months. The correlation coefficient and RMSE calculated from gridded precipitation in summer are better than those of the whole year,and the correlation coefficient calculated from gridded temperature in summer is worse than that of the whole year. The time series of evaluation indexes has greater uncertainty and larger fluctuation range for gridded precipitation than for gridded temperature. The comprehensive evaluation of the gridded precipitation data based on the climatic background filed by the Optimal Interpolation Method of NMIC and the elevation of the gridded temperature data by ANUSPLIN of NMIC are better than others.

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廖榮偉,曹麗娟,張冬斌,李元壽.中國地面氣溫和降水網格化數據精度比較[J].氣象科技,2017,45(2):364~374

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歷史
  • 收稿日期:2015-08-21
  • 定稿日期:2016-11-18
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  • 在線發布日期: 2017-05-04
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