前向散射式能見度儀示值對比及標定方法研究
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安徽省氣象局新技術集成項目(項目編號:AHXJ2015010)資助


Comparison between Indicating Values of Multiple Forward Scattering Visibility Meters and Their Calibration Methods
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    摘要:

    實時、準確的能見度測量數據對指導交通監測預警和空氣質量評價具有重要意義。敘述前向散射式能見度儀測量原理,介紹能見度實驗室內的檢測技術和檢測方法?;诎不帐〈髿馓綔y技術保障中心研制的能見度環境模擬方艙,對3個國產廠家的前向散射式能見度儀進行檢測,對比了能見度儀示值的一致程度,分析了影響示值偏差的原因。針對我國目前未建立能見度量傳體系現狀,提出了標定廠家系統常數以減少測量誤差的方法。研究結果表明:同一廠家生產的前向散射式能見度儀測量結果一致性相對較好。能見度小于15 km時,標準偏差均值最大為1313 m。能見度在15~10 km時,標準偏差均值最大為4574 m。不同廠家生產的能見度儀示值偏差較大,能見度在15~10 km時,最大相對誤差均值達到-409%。重新標定系統常數后,能見度儀示值一致性明顯提高。

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    It is significant to measure visibility accurately in real time for guiding the traffic early warning and air quality assessment. The principles of forward scattering visibility meters are depicted,and the detection techniques and methods in the laboratory are introduced briefly. Based on the visibility environment simulation cabin developed by the Anhui Atmospheric Observation and Technical Support Center, multiple forward scattering visibility meters produced by three domestic manufacturers are tested. The consistency of various visibility values is examined,and the reasons for deviation are analyzed. In present, there is no standard verification scheme for visibility meters, so a method by using system constant calibration is proposed to reduce the measurement errors. The results show that visibility values are in good consistency with forward scattering visibility meters produced by the same manufacturer. The maximum of standard deviation is 1313 m when visibility is less than 15 km, and 4574 m in 15 to 10 km visibility condition. But there are obvious deviations for the meters produced by different manufacturers with the maximum of relative error up to -409% in 15 to 10 km visibility condition. After the calibration of the system constant,the accuracy of forward scattering visibility meters is improved obviously.

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王敏,張世國,汪瑋,方海濤,陸斌,劉清彬,高蘭達.前向散射式能見度儀示值對比及標定方法研究[J].氣象科技,2017,45(2):217~222

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  • 收稿日期:2016-03-14
  • 定稿日期:2016-06-08
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  • 在線發布日期: 2017-05-04
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