A new subway line in Chongqing beneath a meteorological station is studied，and the requirements for vibration environment of meteorological observation instruments at the meteorological station are analyzed. The field test of vibration effect for the Chongqing metro lines has been running was conducted to assess the effect of subway vibration on the weather station. The research results show that (1) Combined with the accuracy requirements of meteorological detection instruments and with reference to the “construction allowable vibration standards,” it is proposed for the vibration environment of meteorological detection: the vibration acceleration (peak value) is less than or equal to 0.0314 m/s2; vibration velocity (peak) is less than or equal to 0.5; and vibration displacement (mean square root) is less than or equal to 1.8 μm. (2) While the trains passing, the dominated ground vibration frequency is 6 to 90 Hz, and the peak velocity of vertical vibration is 0.0188 mm/s, and the peak velocity of horizontal vibration is 0.0151 mm/s. It is suggested that the vibration of metro train operation should be controlled within the acceptable range for weather detection