SL3型雙翻斗雨量傳感器翻斗協調性誤差分析
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Analysis of Measurement Errors of Double Tipping Raingauges
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    摘要:

    通過對SL3型雙翻斗雨量傳感器進行模擬降水試驗,分析上翻斗與計量翻斗翻動協調性帶來的降水測量誤差。模擬試驗初步表明:當上翻斗最大承水量不合理,計量翻斗最大承水量合理時,會使翻斗翻動不協調,降水損失增加,導致實測降水偏小,如在雨強1 mm/min,當上翻斗右斗最大承水量偏小0.4 mL時,實測降水誤差為-4%;當上翻斗最大承水量合理,計量翻斗最大承水量不合理時,計量翻斗最大承水量不合理程度對降水測量準確度影響較大,如同樣在雨強1 mm/min,計量翻斗左斗最大承水量合理,當計量翻斗右斗最大承水量偏小0.4 mL,實測降水誤差為+11%,測量誤差明顯大;并且不是上翻斗(或計量翻斗)最大承水量調節合理就一定會使測量誤差小,而是上翻斗與計量翻斗的協調性好才會使測量誤差小。上翻斗的增加不能完全解決單翻斗雨量計因降水強度大小不同引起的測量誤差,但明顯縮小了不同雨強下降水測量誤差偏差。提出利用虹吸原理裝置代替上翻斗,減少人為調節因素的干擾,提高測量準確度。

    Abstract:

    The measurement errors of SL3 type double tipping rainguage due to the coordination problem are analyzed through a precipitation simulation experiment. The results show: The improperly adjusted capacity of uptipping but proper capacity of downtipping make precipitation loss increase, leading to small measurement value because of the coordination problem of up and down tipping. For example, when rainfall intensity is 1 mm/min and the capacity of right up tipping is less 0.4 mL, the precipitation measurement error is -4%. In contrast, proper up tipping but improper down tipping brings the greater measurement error. When rainfall intensity is 1 mm/min and the capacity of right down tipping less 0.4 mL, the precipitation measurement error is +11%. Sometimes, the measurement error of improperly adjusted capacity of both tipping is smaller than that of one improper and the other proper. Meanwhile, the design of double tipping raingauge cannot completely solve the problem of measurement error induced by different precipitation rates, but can reduce the error obviously. The maximum deviation of precipitation measurement is 2% in the 4 mm/min and 1 mm/min condition. The solution of using siphon principle equipment to replace the up tipping is proposed, to reduce the effect of manual adjustment.

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李銳鋒,陳蘇婷,張晉. SL3型雙翻斗雨量傳感器翻斗協調性誤差分析[J].氣象科技,2016,44(4):576~580

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  • 收稿日期:2015-07-30
  • 定稿日期:2016-01-19
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  • 在線發布日期: 2016-08-29
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