Using the observation data from partition tests and the monthly mean temperature, monthly mean precipitation, and the number of frostfree days of the three areas from 2004 to 2013, combining with the visiting survey results, the correlation analysis is made between Lingqiu buckwheat ecological distribution and meteorological conditions. Results show that the Beishan area is the main area of Lingqiu County for buckwheat planting. Because of higher elevation, the area has the shorter frostfree period, cooler climate, and larger wind speed, and the microclimate characteristics are in conformity with the bitter buckwheat growth habit. The Nanshan area and the outskirts of Lingqiu are of lower elevation, so they have a longer frostfree period, wetter climate, lower wind speed; along with less per capital arable land, buckwheat planting is given priority to with disaster relief and fallow crop. Buckwheat is a kind of rare crop, with high medicinal value. To study the effect of weather conditions on buckwheat ecological distribution is of great significance for Buckwheat production in Lingqiu.