川西南山地冰雹雷達預警指標
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中國氣象局新技術面上推廣項目(CMATG2010M21)及(CMAGJ2015M51)資助


Indexes of Hail Warning Using Weather Radar for Southwestern Mountain Region of Sichuan
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    摘要:

    基于西昌多普勒天氣雷達觀測資料,分析2006—2013年涼山州境內24塊冰雹云特征。結果表明:冰雹云的雷達特征均滿足回波強度超過50 dBz,回波頂高超過-30 ℃層高度,45 dBz回波頂高超過-10 ℃層高度,垂直累積液態含水量超過8 kg〖DK〗·m-2。上述4項雷達參數特征在判別冰雹云的時效性上存在差異,回波強度超過50 dBz,回波頂高超過-30 ℃層高度,45 dBz回波頂高超過-10 ℃層高度等3項判別指標對冰雹云提前判別預警時間為4~40 min,垂直累積液態含水量超過8 kg〖DK〗·m-2則對冰雹云提前判別預警的時效性效果不佳。與25例短時強降水個例對比發現,45 dBz回波頂高超過-10 ℃層高度作為冰雹雷達預警判別指標有較好的指示作用。

    Abstract:

    Based on the data from Xichang Doppler weather radar, the characteristics of 24 hail clouds from 2006 to 2013 in Liangshan are analyzed. The results show that all hail clouds have some common features: maximum reflectivity is above 50 dBz; echo top is higher than the height of -30 ℃ level; the height of 45 dBz echo top is higher than the height of -10 ℃ level; and the vertically integral liquid water is above 8 kg〖DK〗·m-2. The hail clouds can be distinguished according to such features as maximum reflectivity being above 50 dBz; echo top being higher than the height of -30 ℃ level; the height of 45 dBz echo top being higher than the height of -10 ℃ level, with a lead time of 4 min to 40 min for early warming. The vertically integral liquid water being over 8 kg〖DK〗·m-2 is not good to early identification of hail clouds. Comparison with shorttime heavy rainfall, the height of 45 dBz echo top being higher than the height of -10 ℃ level is useful for early identification of hail clouds.

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劉曉璐,周長春.川西南山地冰雹雷達預警指標[J].氣象科技,2016,44(2):252~258

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  • 收稿日期:2015-01-26
  • 定稿日期:2015-12-15
  • 錄用日期:
  • 在線發布日期: 2016-04-20
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