With the rapid development of meteorological modernization, the demands for meteorological operation and public service have increased sharply; therefore, it is necessary to achieve unified management and monitoring of meteorological data, a meteorological data acquisition and monitoring system is designed and realized based on MQ. Since the meteorological data sources of different kinds of meteorological equipments are distributed dispersely in various locations, the unified data management is difficult to conduct. In order to improve the flexibility and timeliness of data acquisition and processing, a consistent meteorological data acquisition procedure is realized through abstracting data type, organizing diversified data format and data inputing by configuration. In addition, for the sake of system monitoring, different kinds of monitoring information coding are defined in each joint of data processing to achieve program and data monitoring. The system realizes the monitoring of client programs, meterological data updating status, data queue server, and so on. The monitoring system can help find equipment faults and fault locations in practical application.