浙中一次強對流天氣動力熱力場和雷達回波特征分析
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浙江省金華市氣象科技項目(201105)、(201108)資助


Circulation Pattern and Doppler Radar Echo Characteristics of a Severe Convective Weather Event in Central Zhejiang
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    摘要:

    利用NCEP再分析資料、常規氣象觀測和區域自動站觀測資料、閃電及多普勒雷達天氣資料,對2013年5月29日浙中局地強對流天氣過程的環境場、觸發機制和雷達回波特征進行了分析。結果表明:局地強對流天氣是在東北冷渦背景下產生的;高空冷平流南侵、低層暖平流北上,有利于大氣對流不穩定度進一步加大;在熱力不穩定能量增長儲存條件下,冷空氣、地面輻合線與中低層切變線是強對流天氣的重要觸發機制,地面輻合線對強對流天氣還具有組織作用;沿等熵面移動的較大位渦有利于超級單體風暴的發生和發展;初夏0 ℃層高度偏高,但在滿足強烈位勢不穩定、中等風垂直切變以及低層充足水汽條件下仍可以導致局地小冰雹的產生;地面大風過程是低空暖濕氣流入流在快要進入上升氣流區時受到上升氣流區的抽吸作用而加速導致生成的;多個回波強核被中氣旋組織在一起,形成超級單體風暴造成了局地強風雹天氣。

    Abstract:

    The environmental conditions, trigger mechanisms, and Doppler radar echo characteristics of a local strong hailstorm occurred in the central Zhejiang province on 29 May 2013 are analyzed based on the data of NCEP reanalysis, conventional weather observation and regional automatic weather station, lighting and Doppler radar measurements. The results show that the local severe convective weather occurred in the background of the northeast cold vortex; the convective instability of the atmosphere increased while the cold advection in the upper layer moved southward and the warm advection in the lower layer moved northward; the sheer line, cold air, and surface convergence lines were important trigger mechanisms for the severe convective weather while the instability of thermal energy increased, at the same time; the convergence line of the surface also played the role of organizing strong convection. The higher potential vorticity in the isentropic surface contributed to the genesis and development of the super cell storm. The revised sounding data indicate that it is favorable for local hailstorm weather happened when the strong potential instability, moderate vertical wind shear, and sufficient water vapor in the lower layer appeared with a higher height of the 0 ℃ layer in early summer. The warm moist air in the lower layer flowed into the updraft area by the increased flow suction effect, and accelerated, leading to the ground wind generation. The super cell storm was formed, resulted from the organized multiple strong convective echo centers by a meso cyclone, inducing the local severe hailstorm weather.

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周梅,許洪澤,方桃妮,鄭朝霞.浙中一次強對流天氣動力熱力場和雷達回波特征分析[J].氣象科技,2015,43(1):116~124

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  • 收稿日期:2014-03-18
  • 定稿日期:2014-07-28
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  • 在線發布日期: 2015-02-13
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