黃淮氣旋引發山東兩次暴雨過程的對比分析
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Comparative Analysis of Two Heavy Rain Events Induced by Huanghe Cyclone in Shandong
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    摘要:

    利用常規天氣圖資料和NCEP再分析資料,對2002年5月14日和2013年5月26日發生在山東的兩次氣旋暴雨過程進行對比分析。結果表明:兩次過程均是在高空低槽、西南渦及地面氣旋共同作用下形成的,但氣旋形成方式、高低空急流及空氣不穩定層結有明顯的差異。前者為倒槽鋒生型,空氣層結呈對流性穩定,冷暖空氣在近地層交匯使得等熵面陡立觸發垂直渦度增長和濕對稱不穩定能量釋放造成暴雨,后者為靜止鋒上冷暖平流加強形成氣旋波,冷空氣團疊加在暖濕氣流之上通過降低低層穩定度強迫暖空氣抬升觸發對流不穩定能量釋放造成暴雨;前者高空急流偏南,后者高低空急流配合較好激發出次級環流從而使上升運動增強;兩次過程暴雨落區均在850 hPa高能軸頂端冷暖空氣交匯處。

    Abstract:

    Based on the conventional weather chart data and NCEP reanalysis data, two cyclone induced rainstorm events on 14 May 2002 and 26 May 2013 in Shandong are analyzed. The results show that: the two processes were affected by the upper level trough, southwest vortex, and surface cyclone, but there were significant differences in the path of cold air, upper and lower level jets and air instability stratification. During the rain process of the former, the invasion of cold air was from bottom to top, and the atmospheric stratification was convective stability; the vertical isentropic surface triggered the growth of vertical vorticity and the energy release of moist symmetrical instability. The latter was cyclone waves resulted from the enhancement of cold/warm advection above a stationary front, in which the convective instability energy released through reducing the lower level stability forces warm air to lift, which was superimposed by the cold air mass above the warm moist air flow.

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王瑋,王英,黃玉芳.黃淮氣旋引發山東兩次暴雨過程的對比分析[J].氣象科技,2014,42(6):1057~1063

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  • 收稿日期:2013-11-22
  • 定稿日期:2014-04-08
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  • 在線發布日期: 2014-12-29
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