廣州地區酸雨長期變化趨勢分析
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公益性行業(氣象)科研專項“城鎮化發展對大氣環境影響的評價技術”( GYHY201406031)和廣東省氣候中心業務科研課題“酸雨觀測資料質量控制及處理系統開發”(QH201410)共同資助


Trends of Precipitation Acidity at Guangzhou from 1992 to 2012
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    摘要:

    根據1992—2012年的酸雨觀測記錄,對廣州地區的酸雨變化特征及其長期趨勢進行了統計分析。結果表明,近21年,廣州地區酸雨年、季、月變化明顯,降水年均pH最低出現在1998年,其年均pH為3.43,最高出現在2012年,其年均pH為4.65。降水pH大體經歷了兩個階段,1998年以前降水pH呈現波動式下降,平均變化率約為-0.14 a-1,1999年后降水pH逐年增大,特別是2009年后降水pH穩步增長,平均變化率約為0.03 a-1;春季酸雨污染嚴重,夏、秋季次之,而冬季酸雨污染相對較輕;各月降水pH均較低,pH最高月出現在12月,平均值為436,2月pH最低,為3.95。在污染源穩定的情況下,降水強度影響pH,降水量增大時,降水pH越高,降水電導率K也越低;風速越大,降水pH則越高,降水電導率K則越小,酸雨發生頻率也越??;風向影響降水pH,出現偏西風時,酸雨污染相對嚴重。

    Abstract:

    The long term trends of precipitation acidity at Guangzhou are analyzed, based on the monitoring data from 1992 to 2012. The results indicate that there was obvious inter annual variation in precipitation pH from 1992 to 2012, the lowest in 1998 with the annual mean pH being 3.43, the highest in 2012 with the annual mean pH being 4.65. The variation of annual precipitation pH values can be divided into two stages: before 1998, precipitation pH decreased fluctuatingly, with an annual mean rate of about -0.14 a-1; after 1999, precipitation pH increased gradually, especially after 2009 increasing steadily, with an annual mean rate about 0.03 a-1. The seasonal distribution of acid rains was uneven, lower in winter and spring and higher in summer and autumn. The annual variation of acid rains was also obvious, the heaviest in February with the average pH being 3.95, the lightest in December with the average 〖JP2〗pH being 4.36. When the sources of air pollution were stable, the greater the wind speed was, the higher the pH value and the lower the〖WTBX〗 K 〖WTBZ〗(precipitation conductivity) was, consequently the smaller the occurrence frequency of acid rains. Wind direction also affects precipitation pH values. The average pH was generally lower when west winds blow in Guangzhou. When precipitation increased, the higher the pH value was, the lower the 〖WTBX〗K〖WTBZ〗.

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王志春.廣州地區酸雨長期變化趨勢分析[J].氣象科技,2014,42(5):922~927

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  • 收稿日期:2013-09-29
  • 定稿日期:2014-02-02
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  • 在線發布日期: 2014-10-30
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