Artificial precipitation enhancement is an experimental science, in which detection and field operations are its key tasks. According to the needs of artificial enhancement precipitation operations and aircraft detection analysis and researches, the detection purposes and the corresponding designs of five cloud microphysical detection operations are discussed: the typical vertical profile of frontal cloud system structure, the vertical structure of precipitating stratus detection, the effectiveness of artificial enhancement precipitation seeding, supercooled water in clouds, and the diffusion of catalysts in clouds and their physical responses. The aircraft detection operation on 25 March 2013 is taken an example, to explore the effectiveness of artificial enhancement precipitation seeding.