基于CloudSat云分類資料的華北地區云宏觀特征分析
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天津市氣象局科研課題(201306)、氣象關鍵技術集成與應用項目(CMAGJ2013M03)、河北省科技計劃項目(12237126D 1)資助


Cloud Macroscopic Characteristics over North China Based on CloudSat data
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    摘要:

    利用2007年1月至2008年12月的CloudSat 2B CLDCLASS LIDAR云分類資料對華北地區(36°~42°N,110°~120°E)各類云在單層及多層云中的出現頻率、平均高度及平均厚度進行統計分析。結果表明:華北地區單層云和多層云出現頻率存在明顯的季節變化,夏季最大,春秋次之,冬季最小。單層云的出現頻率遠高于多層云,單層云出現頻率在春、夏、秋、冬4個季節分別為443%、461%、378%和328%,而多層云中2層云所占比例最大。單層云和多層云各云層平均高度、平均厚度分析顯示,3層云上層云頂云底高度最高,3層云下層云頂云底高度最低,單層云平均厚度明顯大于多層云,云層數越多,各云層的平均厚度越小。對不同類型云出現頻率分析顯示,卷云主要出現在單層云及多層云中、上層,高層云和高積云在單層云和多層云各云層中均占有一定的比例,層云主要出現在多層云下層,層積云、積云、深對流云主要出現在單層云及多層云下層,雨層云主要出現在夏季單層云中。卷云、高層云、高積云的平均高度及厚度在不同云系統中存在顯著的差異。

    Abstract:

    Based on the CloudSat 2B CLDCLASS LIDAR data from January 2007 to December 2008, the occurrence frequency, mean height, and thickness of different types of clouds in the single layer and multi layer cloud systems over North China are analyzed. The results show that the occurrence frequencies of single layer and multi layer clouds have a distinct seasonal variation, with maximum in summer and minimum in winter. The frequency of single layer clouds is far greater than that of multi layer clouds, 443%, 461%, 378%, and 328% for spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. Two layer clouds account for the largest proportion in the multi layer cloud system. The analysis of average cloud height and thickness of different layers shows that the height of upper level three layer clouds is the greatest, and the height of lower level three layer clouds is the least; the thickness of single layer clouds is significantly greater than those of multi layer clouds; furthermore, the mean thickness of cloud layers decreases with increasing total number of layers of clouds. The analysis of the occurrence frequencies of different types of clouds shows that cirrus appears mostly in single layer clouds, as well as in middle and upper level multi layer clouds; altostratus and altocumulus account for a certain proportion of single layer clouds and multi layer clouds at various levels; stratus appears mostly in lower level multi layer clouds; and stratocumulus, cumulus, and deep convective clouds mainly appear in single layer clouds and lower level multi layer clouds; nimbostratus mainly appears in single layer clouds in summer. For cirrus, altostratus, and altocumulus, the mean height and thickness have significant differences in different cloud systems.

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陳超,孟輝,靳瑞軍,王兆宇.基于CloudSat云分類資料的華北地區云宏觀特征分析[J].氣象科技,2014,42(2):294~301

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  • 收稿日期:2013-02-25
  • 定稿日期:2013-11-07
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  • 在線發布日期: 2014-04-27
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