滇黔靜止鋒大暴雨的鋒面特征及其對MCS的影響
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公益性行業(氣象)科研專項目(GYHY201306059)資助


Frontal Characteristic of a Heavy Rainstorm Induced by Yunnan Guizhou Stationary Front and Effects on Mesoscale Systems
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    摘要:

    2012年5月21—22日,貴州省出現了一次典型的Ⅲ型靜止鋒在南支槽的引導下鋒生而觸發MCS形成暴雨的過程。MCS有非線性、降水強的特征。分析發現:低層靜止鋒鋒區強,鋒生明顯;鋒前有高能舌及低渦切變發展,切變南側有偏南急流。垂直方向上鋒區陡峭,鋒前上凸區內上升氣流強,對流不穩定;南支槽及高低空系統的前傾配置是上升氣流強的原因。這些鋒面特征為MCS發生發展提供了有利條件:低層高能舌和低渦切變為MCS提供了熱力和動力條件;偏南急流是影響MCS的重要因素。鋒前上凸區是MCS發展的重要區域,鋒區附近的θse場及高低空系統前傾配置利于MCS發生發展。鋒前到鋒區附近的水汽條件好,急流出口處的水汽輻合及上升氣流為MCS和大暴雨提供了有利水汽輸送。

    Abstract:

    In 21 and 22 May 2012, a heavy rainstorm process happened in Guizhou Province, which was a typical MCS triggered process, caused by the frontogenesis of type Ⅲ stationary front, under the guidance of a southern trough. The MCS was non linear with severe rainfall. Analysis reveals that the stationary front was strong; the frontogenesis process was obvious with a high energy tongue and a low vortex shear at the front, and a southerly jet on the south side. In the vertical direction, the front had a steep frontal area and strong upward motion, which was caused by the southern trough, the forward lean distribution, and the convective instability of the convex. These characteristics are beneficial to MCS: the high energy tongue and low vortex shear provide thermal and dynamic conditions for MCS, and the southerly jet is also an important factor. In the vertical direction, the convex area was important, and the distribution of θse and the forward lean distribution were beneficial. The moisture conditions in the front of and on the front were sufficient. Moisture convergence at the exit of the southerly jet and upward flow were sufficient to supply the moisture for MCS and the heavy rainstorm.

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唐延婧,胡躍文,謝清霞.滇黔靜止鋒大暴雨的鋒面特征及其對MCS的影響[J].氣象科技,2014,42(1):151~157

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  • 收稿日期:2012-11-21
  • 定稿日期:2013-05-13
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  • 在線發布日期: 2014-02-28
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