基于CCMP風場的中國近海18個海區海面大風季節變化特征分析
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公益性行業專項“黃渤海高影響天氣預報中的關鍵技術研究”(GYHY201106006)資助


Seasonal Variation Analysis of Sea Surface Winds in China Sea Areas with CCMP Wind Field Data
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    摘要:

    利用1988—2010年CCMP(Cross Calibrated Multi Platform)高時空分辨率10 m風場分析了我國近海海區的大風(6級以上)日數和大風風速的空間分布特征,并且按照中央氣象臺對近海海區的劃分,分析了近海18個海區大風的季節變化特征。我國近海大風日數高值中心及大風風速高值中心都集中于巴士海峽、臺灣海峽和南海東北部海域,在巴士海峽和南海東北部海域交界處最高可達140天以上,平均大風風速達到13 m/s以上。從季節變化來看,大風日數和大風風速充分體現了東亞季風冬強夏弱的特點。冬半年,大風日數及風速高值中心一直位于東海東北部、臺灣海峽、巴士海峽、南海東北部以及南海西南部海域,12月是一年之中大風日數和強度的峰值時期。從4月開始,南海西南部的高值中心消失,而以北海域的高值區的分布基本不變,這種情況一直持續到9月。近海18個海區的季節變化呈現出不同的區域差別,南海中部和南部的4個海域大風日數呈雙峰型變化,冬季的12月至次年1月出現最高值,夏季西南季風時期的7—8月出現次高值。除瓊州海峽外,包括南海北部海域的其余13個海區高值均在冬季12月至次年1月,低值出現在夏季6—7月。

    Abstract:

    The spatial patterns of sea surface strong wind (beyond Beaufort wind scale 6) in the China Sea are analyzed through adopting the high resolution Cross Calibrated Multi Platform (CCMP) wind data. According to the definitions of the China costal sea areas by the National Meteorological Center (NMC), the seasonal variations of the strong wind days in these 18 sea areas are also examined. The analysis results show that the highest values of strong wind days and speed are centering around the Bashi Channel, Taiwan Strait and the Northeast part of South China Sea (SCS). The seasonal variations in coastal China seas can obviously reflect that the East Asia monsoon is strong in winter and weak in summer. In winter, the centers of strong wind days and speed always locate in the northeast part of ECS, Bashi Channel, Taiwan Strait, and the northeast part of SCS, and the maximum days and strongest speed appear in December; while in summer, these centers disappear. The center locating in the southwest part of SCS disappears from April. However, the seasonal changes of the strong wind days in these eighteen sea areas are different. Those in the middle and south parts of SCS have two peaks: one occurring from December to January, and the other from July to August. While in other thirteen sea areas, the high value of the strong wind days appears from December to January and the low one from June to July.

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王慧,隋偉輝.基于CCMP風場的中國近海18個海區海面大風季節變化特征分析[J].氣象科技,2013,41(4):720~725

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  • 收稿日期:2012-05-11
  • 定稿日期:2012-08-03
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  • 在線發布日期: 2013-08-27
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