Hydrogen filling and releasing of sounding balloons are the important parts of upper air observation. The radiosonde tracking by radar, reception of radiosonde signals and data processing are automatic presently, except for hydrogen filling and balloon releasing. Hydrogen filling is to some extent danger, and balloon releasing occupies an observer. Based on the analysis of steps of hydrogen filling and balloon releasing, the design of balloon releasing machine and the means to make better use of it in practice are described, which sets a stage for the automation of the upper air observation system.