基于干涉儀原理的甚高頻雷電單站預警
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國家自然科學基金(41075022)和科技部科研院所技術開發研究專項(2008EG137292)資助


A Single Station Lightning Warning Sytem Based on  Principles of Interferometer
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    摘要:

    針對目前閃電單站探測與預警裝置的局限性,設計了一套基于閃電寬帶干涉儀原理的甚高頻單站雷電預警裝置。該裝置通過測量雷電(包括云閃與地閃)起始時刻的輻射信號到達豎直天線陣列的相位差,計算得到該信號的仰角,根據仰角估算雷電的距離,進而根據雷電的距離和活動特征進行雷電報警。單站測距誤差分析結果表明,單站系統對半徑50 km范圍內閃電測距誤差在25%以內,半徑100 km范圍內的閃電測距誤差在30%以內。雷電單站預警裝置對一次雷暴過程進行了觀測,觀測結果表明,該裝置能有效探測半徑100 km范圍內的閃電活動狀況,探測到的閃電頻次分布、閃電距離與多站閃電定位結果保持較好一致性,證明其能有效探測周圍閃電活動狀況,起到提前預警雷暴的作用。

    Abstract:

    A new computer based single station VHF system for lightning warning based on broadband interferometer technology is developed. The vertical antenna array was set to get the phase difference of lightning radiation signals, and then the elevation of the arrival signal was obtained. Both the distances of the cloud to ground and cloud flashes can be estimated from the elevations. According to the lightning distance and lighting activity, the different levels of lightning alarm can be given. The error analysis of lightning distance finding indicates that the overall uncertainty of the new method is less than 25% in the range of 50 km, less than 30% in the range of 100 km. The system has been used to detect the lightning during a thunderstorm in Chongqing on 26 July 2011 Thousands of lightning have been detected in the thunderstorm by this system, whose frequency distribution corresponded with the multi station lightning location frequency well. The distance finding results were matched with the multi station lightning location results by using time stamp. The comparison shows that the distance finding errors of most lightning are less than 20%, which proved that the new system can detect lightning in the range of 100 km and play the role of lightning early warning.

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周康輝,董萬勝,劉恒毅,蔡力,楊磊,馬祥.基于干涉儀原理的甚高頻雷電單站預警[J].氣象科技,2013,41(3):563~568

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歷史
  • 收稿日期:2012-02-10
  • 定稿日期:2012-05-08
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  • 在線發布日期: 2013-06-24
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