百葉箱結構對氣溫觀測值的影響
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陜西省氣象局科技創新基金項目(2009M 44)資助


Influence of Large and Small Louvered Screens on Temperature easurements
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    摘要:

    通過分析2009年3月至2010年2月小百葉箱觀測溫度與自動站大百葉箱的溫度發現:月、年平均溫度均是小百葉箱內觀測值普遍低于大百葉箱觀測值,但差值較小,多數在02 ℃以內。平均最高溫度差值略大,最大值為04 ℃,冬季差異大。月極端溫度差值大且不穩定,差值有正有負,均在正負1 ℃之內。日極端溫度差值比較集中,最高溫度主要分布在-065~014 ℃,最低溫度在-04~002 ℃。溫度日變化趨勢非常一致,溫度變化平緩時兩者基本重合;劇烈變化時,大百葉箱內升溫快,降溫也快。一日內降溫階段差值為正,升溫階段,差值為負,差值最大的時間在上午09:00—12:00。無論在多云和少云,還是高風速和低風速條件下,兩種百葉箱內測量的氣溫差值普遍在02 ℃以內。

    Abstract:

    By analyzing the observed temperature from a small and a large louvered screen from March 2009 to February 2010, it is found that the mean monthly temperature and mean annual temperature from a small louvered screen are generally lower than those from a large louvered screen, but this difference is less, mostly less than 02 ℃. 〖JP2〗The mean maximum temperature has large differences in winter, with the maximum being 04 ℃. The difference of monthly extreme temperature is large and unstable, within ± 1 ℃. The differences of daily extreme temperature are more centralized, with the maximum temperature mainly distributed within -065 to 014 ℃, the minimum temperature within -04 to 002 ℃. The daily variation trends of temperature are about the same. The large louvered screen has faster heating speed and rapider reducing temperature at the stage of dramatic change. The difference is positive at cooling phase, and negative at heating stage; the maximum difference appears at 09:00 and 12:00 No matter under what cloud cover or wind velocity, the mean difference of air temperature in the two kinds of screens is almost within 02 ℃.

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張愛麗,蘇鋒,孫智輝.百葉箱結構對氣溫觀測值的影響[J].氣象科技,2013,41(2):270~273

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  • 收稿日期:2011-12-30
  • 定稿日期:2012-07-11
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  • 在線發布日期: 2013-04-11
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