The operation monitoring system of mesoscale automatic weather stations is a real time operational system for guaranteeing the stable and reliable operation of the observation network The system is based on the multi thread distributed data processing technology, adopting a mode of two level deployment, multi level application, and multi sharing, taking fully the advantages of the Internet and CMA LAN to realize the real time monitoring of the operation status, observation data quality, and equipment maintenance, as well as the technical support of the observation network The logic structure, technique structure, main technology roadmap, main functions and the key techniques of the system are described comprehensively in detail