Equipment troubleshooting and maintenance support capability for automatic weather stations (AWS) is extremely critical to the operation efficiency of AWS. Based on more than 2400 sets of national automatic weather stations monitored by the Atmospheric Observing System Operation Monitoring (ASOM), the investigation of spare parts from various types of AWS manufacturers, and the AWS failure information and maintenance data of 22 provinces (regions) national from 2007 to 2008, a comprehensive evaluation is conducted on the maintenance support capability of AWS by calculating the Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) and average failure duration. A statistical classification and analysis of fault locations and fault causes of AWS across China is carried out, thus to lay a solid foundation for achieving a unified fault management, improving logistic support capability, and promoting the automation and standardization of the evaluation of AWS Troubleshooting.