Based on the Rayleigh scattering theory， the model of specific inductive capacity of liquid water， and fogdrop size distribution， the transmission characteristics of individual cloud and fogdrop particles and fogdrop cluster are analyzed. The results show that the electrical length is the main factor that affects the electromagnetic transmission characteristics of clouds and fogdrops. The transmission characteristics of advection fog size distribution are stronger than those of radiation fog size distribution. The effect of incidence wave frequency on the transmission of fogdrop clusters is the strongest， water content the second， and temperature relatively the weakest. The results have great significance in improving precipitation precision and decreasing satellite communication errors.