一次秋季暖云微物理結構探測試驗
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中國氣象局2010年面上項目CMATG2010M21、中國氣象科學研究院基本科研業務費專項資金重點項目2009Z0034、川氣課題2010青年13聯合資助


Observational Experiment on Microphysical Structure in Autumn Warm Clouds
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    摘要:

    針對2008年10月24日四川盆地上空未形成降水的低層暖云,利用夏延ⅢA飛機搭載的PMS系列探頭進行了探測試驗,分析了云的微物理結構。分析結果表明:云體構成以小云滴為主,大云滴濃度較低,降水粒子很少。云中小云滴的液態含水量、數濃度、直徑在水平方向上分布不均。小云滴的液態含水量和小云滴的體積平均直徑正相關。相對云上部,云底有較少的小云滴、大云滴(小雨滴)和更加稀少的降水粒子。未能形成地面降水主要是由于云中液態含水量很少,云的厚度薄,云滴凝結增長困難,云雨滴碰并不活躍,發生碰并的路徑較短、時間不長。

    Abstract:

    Based on the airborne observation data obtained by the Particle Measuring System (PMS) in Sichuan Province on 24 October 2008, the characteristics of the autumn lowlevel warm clouds without ground precipitation are discussed. The results show that: (1) The lowlevel warm clouds were composed mainly of small cloud droplets, and the number concentration of large cloud droplets was relatively low, and the precipitation particles in the clouds were very few.(2) The liquid water content, number concentration and diameter of small cloud droplets were inhomogeneous in horizontal direction.(3) There was a positive correlation between the liquid water content and the mean diameter of small cloud droplets.(4) Compared with the upper layer of the clouds, there were less small cloud droplets and large cloud droplets (small raindrops) and fewer large raindrops in the cloud base.(5) Because of the small cloud liquid water content, thin cloud thickness, difficult condensation growth of cloud droplets, inactive coalescence growth, and short path and time of collision growth, there was no precipitation reaching the ground.

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王維佳,董曉波,石立新,劉建西,張世林,劉平.一次秋季暖云微物理結構探測試驗[J].氣象科技,2011,39(5):656~660

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  • 收稿日期:2010-05-21
  • 定稿日期:2011-06-06
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