呼和浩特城區氣候與大氣環境適宜性相關指標變化分析評價
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中國氣象局2007年多軌道業務建設項目“城市規劃氣候可行性論證業務系統”資助


Analysis and Assessment of Comfortableness Index Change of Climate and Atmospheric Environment in Hohhot Urban Area
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    摘要:

    基于呼和浩特市1961—2006年主要氣象要素和2001—2006年主要污染物平均濃度資料,利用數理統計方法和氣象環境評價指標,分析由于氣候變化對呼和浩特市氣象環境所產生的影響。結果表明:①呼和浩特城區近50年氣候變暖明顯,熱島效應顯著,呈現降水量減少趨勢及暖干化的氣候特征明顯。②呼和浩特城區的主要氣象災害呈減少趨勢,尤其是沙塵暴、大霧等災害性天氣的逐年減少,降低了大氣顆粒物(PM10)的濃度。③呼和浩特市的首要污染物PM10主要發生在集中采暖和風沙較大的冬半年,且冬季輻射逆溫、熱島效應有增強趨勢,對污染物擴散不利。④呼和浩特城區冬半年寒冷程度不太明顯,夏半年舒適度指數雖有上升趨勢,但低于偏熱不舒適標準,比較適合避暑休閑。

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    Based on the meteorological data and the average concentration data of main pollutants from 1961 to 2006 at Hohhat, the impacts of climate warming on atmospheric environment and comfortableness at Hohhat are analyzed by using the statistical method and meteorological environment assessment indexes. The results indicate that:(1) In the urban area of Hohhot in the recent 50 years, climate warming was obvious; the heat island effect was remarkable; precipitation showed a reduction tendency; the climatic characteristic of warmdrought was obvious. (2) The main meteorological disasters showed a reduction tendency, especially sandstorm and heavy fog, resulting in the reduced concentration of atmospheric particles (PM10). (3) The main pollutant PM10 peaked in winter during the heating period and the time in windy and sandy weather. At the same time, temperature inversion and heat island effect have an enhanced trend, which is disadvantageous for pollutants diffusion. The comfortableness index in summer increased, which is still in the range of comfortable feeling and suitable for living and spending holidays for people.

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郝潤全,高建國,樂寒松,楊勇.呼和浩特城區氣候與大氣環境適宜性相關指標變化分析評價[J].氣象科技,2010,38(6):727~731

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  • 收稿日期:2009-03-10
  • 定稿日期:2010-05-20
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