近46年西藏高原晝夜降水變化趨勢
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Trends of Day/Night Precipitation in Tibet Plateau in Recent 46 Years
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    摘要:

    選取西藏地區18個氣象站1961~2006年逐時降水資料,分析近46年晝夜降水的變化趨勢。結果顯示:近46年,西藏大部分地區各時段夜雨率均呈減少趨勢,晝雨率呈增多趨勢;夜雨天數冬半年各區域都呈增多趨勢,年和夏半年東北部和藏西北地區呈增多趨勢,其他區域呈減少趨勢,而晝雨天數大部分地區年、季都呈增多趨勢。 晝、夜雨率和雨次的年代際變率較大,各區域年代際變化不一致,無明顯的增減趨勢;夜雨率冬半年出現異常最多,各區域年、季多為異常偏少。晝雨率冬、夏半年出現異常較多,年和夏半年多異常偏少,冬半年基本上為異常偏多;夜雨天數夏半年出現異常的最多,東部地區以異常偏少居多,中西部地區以異常偏多為主。晝雨天數夏半年出現異常最多,南部邊緣地區均為異常偏多,藏北地區也以偏多為主,其他區域多異常偏少。西藏大部分地區年、季晝夜雨率的大小更多依賴于降水強度,而非雨次的多少。

    Abstract:

    The trends of day/night precipitation distribution are analyzed by using the hourtohour precipitation data of 18 stations in Tibet from 1961 to 2006. The results show that the rate of night precipitation showed a decreasing trend and that of day precipitation an increasing trend in most parts of Tibet during recent 46 years; the days of night precipitation increased in winter half year in all regions, as well as in summer half year and all year in the northeastern and northwestern parts of Tibet, but decreased in the other regions; the days of seasonal and annual day precipitation increased in most parts of Tibet. The interdecadal variability of day and night rain frequency was large and has no obvious increasing trend, but had great difference between different decades in different regions.The rate of day rain was much less than normal in all year and summer half year, but greater in winter half year. The night rain days were less than normal in the eastern Tibetan and more in the central and western Tibet in summer half year. The day rain days were more than normal on the southern Tibet and North Tibet, and less in the other regions. The rate of day rain is depended on the intensity of precipitation in all year and season, but not the frequency of rains.

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張核真,唐小萍,普布卓瑪.近46年西藏高原晝夜降水變化趨勢[J].氣象科技,2010,38(2):205~208

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  • 收稿日期:2009-03-19
  • 定稿日期:2009-08-04
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