雨雪冰凍天氣多普勒雷達產品特征
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福建省氣象局青年科技專項(2008q01)資助


Characteristic Analysis of Snowy and Freezing Weather with DopplerRadar Data
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    摘要:

    2008年1月下旬至2月上旬福建省西部北部出現了歷史罕見的雨雪冰凍災害。利用多普勒雷達反射率、回波頂高、徑向速度、垂直風廓線等產品對此次雨雪冰凍天氣進行特征分析,通過分析發現:①冰晶和雪的回波強度通常比連續性降水回波弱,在反射率圖上,回波表現為邊緣毛松,絲縷狀紋理結構明顯,邊緣模糊不清,沒有確定的邊界;②回波頂高和零度層較低,因為垂直方向大氣相對較穩定,不利于對流發展,降水粒子沒有發展到高空;③在徑向速度圖上存在牛眼,說明在低空有急流存在。在低層有環形的零速度線,中高層的零速度線為倒“S”形,表明低層有風切變存在,中高層有冷平流;④風廓線圖上高層為西南風,中層為西北風,低層為西南風,近地層為東北風。說明從近地層到高層為“冷-暖-冷-暖”的層結結構,有利于凍雨天氣形成。

    Abstract:

    From late January to early February in 2008, there occurred rare snowy and freezing weather in the northwestern Fujian. The characteristics of the snowy and freezing weather are analyzed in terms of reflectivity, echo top, radial velocity,and VWP products from Doppler radar. The results indicate: (1) The echo intensity of ice and snow is weaker than that of continuous precipitation. (2) The heights of the echo top and zero layer are relatively low. (3) There exists a structure with a shape of a cow’s eye on the radial velocity chart, which means that there existed a lowlevel jet, and a circularshaped zerovelocity line at the lower level and a Sshaped zerovelocity line at middle and upper levels, which means that there was wind shear in the lowerlayer and cold advection in the middleupper layer. (4) In the VWP chart, there existed southwestern wind at the upper level, northwestern wind at the middle level, southwestern wind at the lower level, and northeastern wind in the surface layer, which means that the “coldwarmcoldwarm” stratification structure (from the near surface to upper level) was beneficial to the formation of freezing weather.

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沈永生,楊遠航,章達華,游火龍,楊希.雨雪冰凍天氣多普勒雷達產品特征[J].氣象科技,2010,38(2):189~192

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  • 收稿日期:2009-04-22
  • 定稿日期:2009-09-23
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