福州市灰霾氣象要素場特征分析
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2008年中國氣象局新技術推廣項目(GMATG2008S07)和福建省氣象局課題(200722)共同資助


Analysis of Haze Meteorological Fields in Fuzhou
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    摘要:

    利用1988~2007年常規觀測資料、地面圖、500 hPa高空圖資料,分析了福州市灰霾的時間分布,冬、夏半年霾日氣象要素場和穩定度因子特征。結果表明:福州市灰霾年變化呈明顯上升趨勢;月分布呈單峰型,高發期在12、1月;冬半年14:00,夏半年08:00灰霾發生幾率最高。冬半年灰霾多出現在冷空氣減弱后,地面氣壓持續下降,溫度不斷上升,風速弱,濕度大,充分回暖后的天氣下,對應地面天氣形勢有變性高壓后部和底部、鋒前暖區、地面倒槽;少數出現在冷空氣入侵,地面氣壓上升,溫度下降,濕度較小的天氣下,對應地面天氣形勢為大陸冷高壓。夏半年灰霾多出現在高溫、干燥、大氣層結穩定的清晨,對應500 hPa天氣形勢為副熱帶高壓、副熱帶高壓邊緣、地面弱倒槽,以及少量臺風外圍控制下干熱的下沉氣流里。

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    Based on the routine observation synoptic charts and the synoptic charts at 500 hPa from 1988 to 2007, the temporal distribution, meteorological fields, and the stability factor of haze days during spring and summer are analyzed. The results indicate that the annual haze days increased, and the monthly distribution showed a single peak pattern with high values in December and January. There is a highest probability of haze at 14:00 in winter half year and at 08:00 in summer half year. The haze events in winter half year often occur under the weather condition of weakened cold air, decreased surface pressure, increased temperature, low wind velocity and high humidity. The correlative weather systems include the back of the denatured high, the warm sector ahead of fronts, and the ground inverse trough. Occasionally, haze events happened along with the inrush of cold air with the increasing pressure and decreasing temperature and low humidity, and the correlative weather system is the land cold high. The haze events in summer half year often happened in the morning with high temperature, low humidity and stable atmosphere. The influencing systems (500 hPa) include the subtropical high, the edge of the subtropical high, the weak ground inverse trough, and the dryhot descent flow controlled by a typhoon.

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王宏,馮宏芳,隋平,余永江.福州市灰霾氣象要素場特征分析[J].氣象科技,2009,37(6):670~675

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  • 收稿日期:2009-06-17
  • 定稿日期:2009-10-21
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