An analysis is made of the climatic factors influencing sugar cane yields and sugar contents to provide the bases for taking measures to adapt to climate change for sugar production. The trends and phasic and periodic characteristics of these climatic factors in the recent 45 years are studied. The results indicate that the accumulated temperature of March to October increased obviously; there was obvious phasic feature in the variation of the accumulated temperature and precipitation of March to October; there was obvious periodic variation in the accumulated temperature, precipitation, and sunshine duration of March to October. The average minimum temperature of October to November increased notably, and there was remarkable phasic and periodic variation; there was periodic oscillation in the precipitation in November to next February with the period being 3 to 4 years.