重慶市酸雨分布特征
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國家科技部“西部開發科技行動”重大項目“三峽庫區氣候資源地理信息綜合平臺及其應用研究”(2005BA901A01)和重慶市氣象局科技計劃項目“重慶市主城區酸雨演變規律及氣象影響機理”(zl200837)資助


Distribution Features of Acid Rain in Chongqing
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    摘要:

    用重慶市35個站高密度降水pH值監測資料,分析了重慶市最近3年降水pH值的時空分布特征。結果表明,重慶市大部分地區都存在酸雨現象,局部地區很嚴重。近3年來絕大部分地區的pH值都低于4.5,整個重慶市降水平均pH值為4.07,其中西部和東南部為低值區域,中部和東北部為高值區域。重慶市較強酸雨以上強度的降水出現頻率較高。整個重慶地區酸雨頻率為84.05%,較強酸雨頻率為27.42%,強酸雨頻率為26.23%;重慶主城區酸雨頻率為95.42%,較強酸雨頻率為39.54%,強酸雨頻率為23.86%。重慶市各季節中秋、冬季出現強酸雨的頻率高于春、夏季。重慶市各區域各季節的降水pH平均值均低于4.5,其中西部和東南部大部分時段的pH值都低于4.0。各區域降水pH值還存在著季節變化,秋、冬季的pH值普遍低于春、夏季的pH值。

    Abstract:

    The distribution features of acid rain during the recent three years in the Chongqing area are analyzed with the pH data of precipitation measured at 35 weather stations. The results indicate that there are acid rains in most parts of Chongqing, and some of them are very severe. In recent three years, pH values were lower than 4.5 in most areas of Chongqing with the average being 4.07, lower in the western and southeastern areas and higher in the central and northeastern areas. The frequency of precipitation with pH value being lower than 4.5 is very high. The frequency of acid rain in recent three years was 84.05% generally, 27.42% for relatively severe acid rains and 26.23% for severe acid rains in the whole Chongqing. In the downtown area, the frequency of acid rain was 95.42%, 39.54% for acid rains,relatively severe acid rains and 23.86% for severe acid rains. The frequencies of severe acid rains in autumn and winner were higher than those in spring and summer. The seasonal mean pH of precipitation for each season was lower than 4.5. The pH values varied with the season, lower in autumn and winner and higher in spring and summer.

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何澤能,譚炳全,高陽華,唐曉萍.重慶市酸雨分布特征[J].氣象科技,2008,36(6):706~711

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  • 收稿日期:2008-04-16
  • 定稿日期:2008-07-28
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