Based on the daily data of PM10, NO2, and SO2 and 08:00 synchronous synoptic data at 850 hPa from 2002 to 2006 in Fuzhou, Fujian Province, the general status of air quality, temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of pollutants, and the influence of different weather systems on pollutant concentration changes during the five years in Fuzhou are synthetically analyzed with the statistic and climate classification methods. The results show that the air quality conditions are generally good in Fuzhou and the concentration of PM10 is becoming better year by year while there is a rising trend in the annual variation of NO2 concentration. The concentrations of NO2 and SO2 over the major traffic lines of the urban area are the highest, and the concentrations of various pollutants in mountain stations are generally lower than in the urban area. Under the control of the subtropical high and the inverted trough, there will not occur pollution events in Fuzhou. The weather systems that will cause slight pollution with the probability of over 5% include the cold trough, warmzone convergence, and continental high. Under the weather condition of warmzone convergence, the occurrence probability of good air quality is the highest compared to other kinds of weather systems, while affected by a low pressure or inverted trough, the occurrence probability of excellent air quality is higher than that of good air quality.