Urbanization has exerted great influence on the observation environment of national meteorological observation stations. The observation environmental assessment and new location selection are especially necessary and urgent in building national climatic observation stations. The observation environment must be considered in the selection of the locations for national climatic observation stations, at which measurements must be well representative of the characteristics of local meteorological elements in a large extent and can avoid the influence of local topography, barrier and artificial factors. It is propitious to reflect the actual situation when the surface of an observing station is consistent with the typical surface of local areas, but in some cases, as agricultural activities may influence the observation of some meteorological factors, some special measures must be taken according to specific situation. For the meteorological stations affected by urbanization, a good choice is to retain the original station and meanwile to construct a new one.