The principles of temperature observation on different underlying surfaces is described.The temperatures on pitch,cement and clay surfaces from December 2002 to September 2003 were analyzed,including daily mean temperature,daily maximum temperature,daily minimum temperature,diurnal temperature range and the differences from air temperature.It is pointed out that air temperature is the main influencing factor for the temperature on various underlying surfaces;clouds have remarkable influence on the daily maximum temperature;the variation of atmosphere circulation affects also obviously the underlying surface temperature.Various forecasting method of temperatures on various underlying surfaces are discussed.The forecasting models of maximum temperature on various underlying surfaces are given,based on the next day's maximum air temperature forecast.Through comparing forecasts and actual temperature,it is found out that the forecast accuracy of the underlying surface temperature is depended greatly on the forecast accuracy of next day's maximum temperature and weather forecasts(cloudy,overcast or raining).